累进税制和公司权利的谬论 [4]
论文作者:英语论文论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2014-09-27编辑:yangcheng点击率:11297
论文字数:4941论文编号:org201409251306373347语种:英语 English地区:澳大利亚价格:免费论文
关键词:累进税制公司权利谬论corporate rights经济增长
摘要:这是澳大利亚麦考瑞大学对累进税制和公司权利的谬论进行分析的一篇留学生论文,累进所得税的理念在经济社会中被广泛接受。本文的目的是揭露累进税制的谬论,论述它伤害了那些挣的最多以及支付更高的税收的人,以及那些如员工等低税收的人。
he only way to create more jobs and more wealth, and it is the only way of businesses developing.
Paradoxically, although the intention of progressive taxation is to benefit people with lower incomes through subsidies, the real effect is exactly the opposite (as below explained).
The more tax employers have to pay, the less capital they have to invest. Consequently, they are unable to create more jobs to meet increased demand from lower income groups that pay less tax and so could consume more. It is a fallacy, then, that progressive taxation gives people with fewer funds more spending power. Even if it were true that progressive taxes help maintain jobs and purchasing power at a high level and so make lower-income groups more willing to spend, employers would still have to invest to meet this demand. Obviously, they cannot do so while a large percentage of their profits disappear in taxes.
In addition, progressive taxes distort the efficiency with which companies use economic resources, creating a discouragement to work and take risks.
Thus, the real result of low production and high demand is often to create threat of inflationary processes, combined with progressive taxation means that the impact of tax on the total price of products is increasing both in relative and in absolute terms.
Governments might have to make in disfavor decisions to cut public spending, in short, the capitalization rate of the economy that helps create wealth and has a multiplier effect on the economy. It is the engine of growth, resulting in benefits for the country as a whole and all its inhabitants. Increasing taxes in general and the top rates of tax in particular results in a reduction in the quantity of goods offered, and hence an increase in price due to the reduction in overall productivity resulting from the reallocation of resources.
As we know, resources are scarce, and the main purpose of economic policy is precisely the optimal allocation of resources to arrange a large number of human needs. Therefore, increasing the tax per unit of a product by diverting production factors, which are always in short supply, from areas preferred by consumers toward areas chosen by political authorities, inevitably leads to a misallocation of resources. Moreover, because wages depend on the prevailing capital structure, progressive taxes quickly become regressive to the extent that they slow down income and wages by reducing capitalization or investment. In fact, this simply increases the chances that marginal workers will remain unemployed.
Most taxes do not provide direct correlative paybacks. How do I measure the benefits to me of all the activities carried on by the government? How do I know that my neighbor and I receive the same benefits, especially if the benefits are paid differently over the course of a lifetime? How can we draw any satisfaction from paying our taxes when we cannot correlate our payment to some benefit except in the most general sense? If we look closer the problem is discouraging. On the other side, when government spends more in subsidies than offering other public goods; or are benefits to the social arrangement, then the mass contribution should be collected equally. Individuals have little incentive to contribute voluntarily to such actions, since their individual contributions make little difference; some form of coercion is st
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