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essential features of Sustainable Development, a term that has recently come up in order to protect the environment.

RIGHT TO LIVE IN A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT - (U.N. PERSPECTIVE)

United Nations under its various charters has mentioned about the right to live in a healthy environment and has considered it as an essential human right. There are various provisions under UDHR, ICCPR and various other meetings which have emphasized on the need to maintain a healthy environment and it being a basic human right and an essential part of right to life.

These are some of the provisions and declarations made by UN under its various charters and meetings:

UDHR 1948

- Article 3: Right to Life

- Article 25: Right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being of himself and of his family

ICESCR 1966:

Article 11: Right to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family and to the continuous improvement of living conditions.

Article 12(1): Right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.

Article 12 (2): Steps shall be taken by the States for the improvement of all aspects of environmental and industrial hygiene.

ICCPR, 1966:

Article 6: Every human being has the inherent right to life.

Also the first principle of the 1972 Stockholm Declaration declares that: Man has the fundamental right to freedom, equality and adequate conditions of life, in an environment of a quality that permits a life of dignity and well being.

UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMME

The UN Environment Programme (or UNEP) coordinates United Nations environmental activities, assisting developing countries in implementing environmentally sound policies and encourages sustainable development through sound environmental practices. It was founded as a result of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in June 1972 and is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya. UNEP also has six regional offices and various country offices. [37]

UNEP is the designated authority of the United Nations system in environmental issues at the global and regional level. Its mandate is to coordinate the development of environmental policy consensus by keeping the global environment under review and bringing emerging issues to the attention of governments and the international community for action. The mandate and objectives of UNEP emanate from United Nations General Assembly resolution 2997 (XXVII) of 15 December 1972 and subsequent amendments adopted at UNCED in 1992, the Nairobi Declaration on the Role and Mandate of UNEP, adopted at the Nineteenth Session of the UNEP Governing Council, and the Malm? Ministerial Declaration of 31 May, 2000.

Its activities cover a wide range of issues regarding the atmosphere, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. It has played a significant role in developing international environmental conventions, promoting environmental science and information and illustrating the way those can work in conjunction with policy, working on the development and implementation of policy with national governments and regional institution and working in conjunction with environmental Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). UNEP has also been active i