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lication and transmission,it will become a stronger meme surviving.Therefore,vocabulary teaching based on memetics may have a promoting effect on vocabularylearning.

Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 Relevant Studies on Memetics at Home and Abroad

The term'meme'is derived from the Greek word'mimeme',which meanssomething that can be imitated.The term'meme'coined by Dawkins(1976),wasfirst appeared in his book The Selfish Gene.Dawkins(1976)argued that meme is aconcept of culturally transmitted unit or unit of imitation that jumps from one brain toanother through a process that can be broadly called imitation and thus reproduced inthe meme pool.In other words,meme is the basic unit of culture transmitted throughimitation,of which the core is imitation.Therefore,anything that can be reproducedand transmitted through imitation can be a meme.According to this argument,anyidea,costume,buzzword,or even words,phrases,or sentences can be memes.

As soon as the concept of meme came into being,it has attracted widespreadattention from various disciplines and a large amount of studies in different fieldssprung up.

2.2 Vocabulary Knowledge

This part mainly introduces the definition of the breadth and depth of vocabularyknowledge as well as previous studies on the measurement of in-breadth and in-depthof vocabulary knowledge.

2.2.1 Definition of vocabulary knowledge

The development of second language vocabulary ability implies the developmentof vocabulary knowledge and the ability to use vocabulary knowledge,which canusually be described in terms of breadth and depth.Qian(1999)defined the breadth ofvocabulary knowledge as the number of words for which the learner has the mostbasic meaning.Similarly,Nation(2001)considered the number of words that learnersknow at a given language level as the breadth of vocabulary knowledge.While thedepth of vocabulary knowledge refers to the extent to which a learner knows a word,which involves a variety of knowledge,including the form,meaning,function,etc.

So far,scholars at home and abroad have basically agreed on the definition ofin-breadth vocabulary knowledge and the research system of in-breadth vocabularyknowledge has been developed to maturity,so scholars have switched more attentionto the study of in-depth vocabulary knowledge.As in-depth vocabulary knowledgeinvolves many aspects of a word,it is not easy to make a comprehensive and thoroughstudy.Accordingly,there come out many different views and opinions.

Chapter Three Theoretical Basis ........................ 21

3.1 Meme ............................ 21

3.1.1 The origin and definition of meme .................. 21

3.1.2 The classification of meme .......................... 22 

Chapter Four Research Methodology ...................... 33

4.1 Research Questions ................................ 33

4.2 Research Participants .............................. 33

4.3 Research Instruments ..................... 34

Chapter Five Results and Discussion ........................ 54

5.1 Results of Tests of the Breadth of Vocabulary Knowledge ............. 54

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