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br /> 5.1 Summary....... 45
5.2 Implications of the Present Study....... 47
5.3 Limitations of the Present Study....... 47
5.4 Suggestions for Further Studies.......48

Chapter Four Results and Discussions

4.1 Distribution of Temporal Adverbials in the Two Corpora
In this section, the features of temporal adverbials in the two corpora will beshown. And the content of the comparison is the general distribution of temporaladverbials, general features of temporal adverbs, phrases and clauses in ChineseEnglish Learners' Writings (CHLW) and Native English Writers，Narratives (NEWN),distributions of different kinds of temporal adverbials. And then the frequencies of thecategories of temporal adverbials are listed in the thesis. In the meanwhile, theChi-squares of the items are presented. What's more，the discussions for the each itemabove are shown in detail.The two small-sized corpora, the Chinese English learners' writings included 50articles and the Native English Writers' Narratives included 84 articles, areinvestigated in the present study. And in the former corpus there are 12166 words intotal and 125392 ones in the latter. There is about 243 words each article in average inthe CELW which consists of the longest article (455 words) and the shortest one (143words), while there is about 1409 words each article in average in NEWN includingthe longest one (2544) and the shortest one (558). The overall description of data inthe two corpora is shown as below. Table 4.1
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Conclusion

According to this viewpoint, we all tend to believe that Chinese learners usedmore temporal adverbials. The hypothesis was made before the study that ChineseEnglish learners would use the same amount of temporal adverbials as native Englishwriters. After examining the overall temporal adverbials and its categories，it issurprising to find out that the result is complicated. The main findings in this studyinclude:First，the total number of temporal adverbials used in the narrative essays byChinese English learners is higher than that found in the narratives written by nativeEnglish writers. The analysis of overall features of temporal adverbials in ChineseEnglish majors' writings and native English writers' narratives displays temporaladverbials accounting for 4.41% of total words in CELW and 3.07% of total words inNEWN. In English, tense and aspect is a main grammatical device expressingtemporality, which is expressed by verbs in the English inflectional changes. However,in Chinese, temporality is represented by the lexical devices.
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Reference (omitted)

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