ed in the production of imported components, as a result of the barriers lowering. It is impossible to make a clear distinction between the effects of free trade on consumers, producers and the state. Thus, the lowering of trade barriers promotes the growth of trade, which leads to an increase in both public and personal income. Empirical evidence: as a result of Uruguay Round the revenue of new global system of commercial transactions grew from 109 to 510 billion dollars. The united market within the European Union also contributed to the increase of society's income and wealth.
The increase of government revenue through the activities of successful exporters can redistribute received additional resources and help other companies facing foreign competition to increase productivity, expand production, improve their competitiveness or switch to new activities. This fact gives us hope, that Russia will get more benefits from WTO accession, than loses.
But, Russia is currently isolated from participation in the development of new international trade rules.(10) Our economic interests are not counted in this process. The result of trade rules development can be different, even threatening the strategic interests of the country (with respect to those new WTO issues such as trade and environment (environmental dumping), trade and social issues (social dumping), special rules for energy trade.
Russia's participation in the WTO will help strengthening relations within the CIS on the basis of free trade agreements and, in some cases, the Customs Union.
It is often said that Russia's losses from the accession will also be large enough. For example, critics point out that the WTO will significantly limit opportunities for Russia in carrying out foreign policy and the use of different management tools.
Indeed, we must consider the limited maneuverability in the implementation of our trade policy, however, such a restriction would not be substantially greater than it is now: Russia is a party to several hundred international bilateral and multilateral treaties, which - by virtue of provisions of the Constitution - take precedence over domestic law. In other words, we have been linked with the decision-making for a long time. Most of the standard WTO commitments (such as most favoured importing, non-discrimination between domestic and imported goods) have long been a part of our legal system.
Other critics referred to the fact that Russia, following the accession will be forced to abandon the protection of the domestic market, which will lead in turn to the closing of key industries.
These assumptions are far from reality. WTO member has the right to protect the market against unfair competition, including the use of selective, point tools such as anti-dumping instrument. Russia will also have the possibility of their use after the accession. On the other hand, indeed, Russia in the accession process will have the commitment to restrict the ability to increase import tariffs or barriers for foreign services or suppliers.
There many benefits and disadvantages of the accession to the WTO, but it is vital for Russia to be the member of the WTO in order to protect its economic and political interests globally.
CONCLUSION 结论
It is obvious that Russia will have equal treatment like other member-countries of th
本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。