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the original language and traditional culture and ideas. Malaya after independence in 1957, the Chinese population accounts for 35% of the total population of Malaya, to 1969, the percentage of Chinese increased to 37%.
Malaya in 1957 independence from British colonial rule in its federal constitution drafted provisions of Article 153, which guarantees Malaysian nationals in Malaysia privilege that will face the Indians and the Chinese policy of unequal treatment , has become a highly controversial provisions. 1963, Singapore, Sabah, Sarawak and have formed the Federation of Malaya in Malaysia, this provision remains highly controversial provisions be retained and extended to Sabah and Sarawak indigenous aborigines.
"The Malaysian Constitution, Article 153 clause (Article 153 of the Constitution of Malaysia) Section 153 of the Constitution, content description, Malaysian Supreme Head of State to grant Malays and other indigenous peoples to protect citizens' rights and privileges of Malaysia. Article indicates how the federal government can protect interests of all parties, these groups through the establishment of quotas, enter the civil service, public scholarships and public education. "

1961 Federation of Malaya Government issued the "1961 Education Act," The Act "1957 Education Act" in the "Maintenance and support of non-Malay language and cultural development" omitted, and joined the "progressive development one in Mandarin (Malay) as the main medium of instruction in the educational system. " In this Act, the Chinese were forced restructuring to become national-type secondary school, and English is the main medium of instruction, and in the 1970s was later changed to Mandarin as the medium of instruction. Do not accept the restructuring of the Chinese government will not grant subsidies school, all education funding will personally assume the Chinese community, the resulting independent schools would be, to keep the Chinese mother tongue education.

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