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Create a Reference List
A reference list only includes books, articles etc that are cited in the text. In contrast, a bibliography is a list of
relevant sources for background or for further reading.
The reference list is arranged alphabetically by author. Where an item has no author it is cited by its title, and
ordered in the reference list or bibliography alphabetically by the first significant word of the title.
The APA style requires the second and subsequent lines of the reference to be indented, as shown in the
examples below, to highlight the alphabetical order.
Books In-Text Example Reference List Example EndNote X (which reference type?)
Single author
The theory was first propounded in 1993
(Comfort, 1997, p. 58)
OR
Comfort (1997, p. 58) claimed that…
Comfort, A. (1997). A good age. London: Mitchell Beazley. Book
2 authors Madden and Hogan (1997, p.17)….
OR
“… to achieve consistency” (Madden &
Hogan, 1997, p. 45).
Madden, R., & Hogan, T. (1997). The definition of disability in
Australia: Moving towards national consistency.
Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
Book
3, 4 or 5 authors Guerin, Labor, Morgan, Reesman, and
Willingham (2005, p. 6) found …
Cite all authors the first time the
reference occurs.
Guerin et al. (2005, p. 6) found …
In subsequent citations, include only
the surname of the first author
followed by et al. (not italicized and
with a fullstop after “al”) and the year.
Guerin, W. L., Labor, E., Morgan, L., Reesman, J. C., &
Willingham, J. R. (2005). A handbook of critical
approaches to literature. New York: Oxford University
Press.
Book
6 or more authors (Rodgers et al., 1996, p. 35) Rodgers, P., Smith, K., Williams, D., Conway, L., Robinson,
W., Franks, F., et al. (2002). The way forward for
Australian libraries. Perth: Wombat Press.
Book
No author (Employment the Professional Way,
2000)
OR
the book Employment the Professional
Way (2000)
Employment the professional way: A guide to understanding
the Australian job search process for professionally
qualified migrants. (2000). Carlton, Victoria: Australian
Multicultural Foundation.
Book
3 of 11
Examples of Referencing:
Multiple works by
same author
University research (Brown, 1982, 1988)
has indicated that…
Brown, P. (1982). Corals in the Capricorn group.
Rockhampton: Central Queensland University.
Brown, P. (1988). The effects of anchor on corals.
Rockhampton: Central Queensland University.
Order chronologically in the reference list.
Book
Multiple works
published in the
same year by the
same author
In recent reports (Napier, 1993a, 1993b)
…
Use a/b etc. to differentiate between
works in same year.
Napier, A. (1993a). Fatal storm. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Napier, A. (1993b). Survival at sea. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Order alphabetically by title in the reference list.
Book
Editor (Kastenbaum, 1993, p. 51) Kastenbaum, R. (Ed.). (1993). Encyclopedia of adult
development. Phoenix: Oryx Press.
Edited Book
Different Editions (Renton, 2004, p. 51) Renton, N. (2004). Compendium of good writing (3rd ed.).
Milton: John Wiley & Sons.
An edition number is placed after the title of the work -
this is not necessary for a first edition.
Book
Encyclopedia or
Dictionary
The new Grove dictionary