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he festival has brought the city and regional net income of ￡ 40 million and ￡ 51 million for the city of Edinburgh and Scotland. The festival also promotes the development of tourism-related industries and creates lots of career opportunities, in Edinburgh and Scotland, the total number of full-time jobs brought by the festival are about 3,200 and 3900, respectively (SQW Limited, 2005).
The huge economic income brought by the festival comes from the following four parts. First, the festival brought a large number of consumers to Edinburgh, the number of domestic and foreign visitors are more than double of the number of Edinburgh's urban population. More than a million visitors to the city of Edinburgh have brought economic benefits of ￡ 146 million and net income of ￡ 35 million, as well as 2,800 full-time jobs; for the whole Scotland, its economic benefits have reached ￡ 156 million, the net income is 43 million pounds, creating 3300 full-time jobs (SQW Limited, 2005; Sorgenfrei, 2006). Second, the annual festival has attracted 2,819 journalists from all over the world, 17% of them came from overseas, generating economic benefits of around ￡ 532,000 and net urban income of about ￡ 126,000; it brought the entire Scottish economy benefit of about 698,000 pounds, the net income was about 19.4 million pounds (SQW Limited, 2005; Sorgenfrei, 2006). Third, about 300,000 performers each year brought about ￡ 17.4 million of economic benefits and ￡ 4 million of net income to Edinburgh, creating 352 full-time jobs. It brought about ￡ 23 million of economic benefits and net regional income of approximately ￡ 6.65 million and full-time employment of about 500 jobs to the whole Scottish region (SQW Limited, 2005; Sorgenfrei, 2006). Finally, the economic benefits arising from the consumption spending effect of the whole festive organization during the festival were about 306 million pounds (SQW Limited, 2005; Sorgenfrei, 2006).
Clark, Kearns and Cleland (2016) pointed out in his research that the economic income brought by hosting events not only benefits the local, but also brings tourist attractions around a host city tourists and tourism revenue. The Edinburgh International Festival also has this effect. The festival not only has brought a lot of economic income to the city of Edinburgh and the entire Scottish region, but also has a positive impact on other industries and sectors, these industries are mainly related to the tourism industry, such as transportation, accommodation, shopping and so on (SQW Limited, 2005). According to statistics, during the festival, there were 39000 passengers who went to travel in Glasgow, which is a city around Edinburgh, while there were more than 52000 people who consumed in the Scottish Highlands and other regions. According to statistics, during the festival, visitors spent about 31.6 million pounds on local accommodation, about 22.5 million pounds were spent on food and beverage, 15.1 million pounds were spent on entertainment and shopping spending was about 1700 million pounds; in terms of transport (including taxis, car rental, buses) spending, it was about 700 million pounds, there were a total of about 93 million pounds (SQW Limited, 2005).
The enormous influence of the Edinburgh International Festival has brought huge economic benefits to the local people, but it has also led to the simplification of local tourism products. The city has made many important changes to the festival, which