英语论文网

inevitably leads to the excessive dependence of the city economy on the festival, suppressing the development of other industries. When there is economic downturn and it causes the decline in numbers of tourism guests, it will be a huge impact on local economy and employment. In addition, during the festival, local prices of various consumer goods will rise more, fluctuations in daily necessities prices are not conducive to the stable development of urban economy, it will also cause great adverse effects on the lives of ordinary people (Sorgenfrei, 2006).

3.2 Social impact
Matheson, Rimmer and Tinsley (2014) commented that festivals held have a positive impact on the local image, the residents' awareness, local culture and other aspects of a host city. the Edinburgh International Festival has also played such a role.
In addition to contributing to economic development, hosting the Edinburgh International Festival also brings fringe benefits, it has become an important way to re-position the city and flocculate national pride. The survey showed that 85% of the people involved in the festival believed that the festival enhanced the Scottish people’s national self-confidence. 89% of Edinburgh residents were proud of their city's ability to host such an event (Sorgenfrei, 2006). The Edinburgh International Festival presents Scotland's unique history, culture and national spirit to the world, such as the unique national band performance. It is performance of military band by the pipe band wearing a different color Scottish traditional tulip clothing in Edinburgh Castle Square. When hundreds of bagpipers play the music, the history of the ancient battlefield of Scotland and the national heroic pride have moved everyone. It is this kind of national characteristics that makes it have unique charm, all the contents of the festival is new every year, only there is no major change in the military orchestra show, since the premiere in 1950, the 23 games per year attracted lots of people (Sorgenfrei, 2006). Besides, to meet what guests need, Edinburgh has improved its transportation facilities, guests can choose to travel by air, tram, train, bus and taxi, making Edinburgh one of the cities with the most comprehensive traffic foundation facilities in Scotland (Sorgenfrei, 2006).

3.3 Cultural impact
Caiazza and Audretsch (2015) analyzed that hosting large events can promote the cultural exchanges between different cities around the world, which plays a promotional role for the development of local culture. Hosting the Edinburgh International Festival brings a strong artistic atmosphere to the whole city, so that the public and visitors can enjoy a variety of cultural and artistic performances. In the same period of time, there are a number of different individual performances. so that visitors can have the opportunity to experience a variety of different cultures, different art, different themes of activities, for those who want to spend the least money to get the most experience tourists, this is undoubtedly the most attractive (Ranscombe, 2016). During the festival, the city is surrounded by colorful peripheral arts festival. Theaters, cinemas, squares, streets, restaurants, and even laundries, elevators, cars, as long as they can find the venue, they come to compete, which is an inclusive attitude that the Art Festival Organizing Committee has to encourage innovation (Friedman, 2014).