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Abstract:
Interpretation is indispensable and useful for a person who wants to know information in other languages. Memory in interpretation has being discussed over years, especially, its’ functions in interpretation are stressed. Furthermore, there are some general approaches to train memory which are publicly accepted. However, few people talk about linguistic methods. As far as linguistics concerned, memory can be trained effectively.
1. Introduction
Memory is the ability to recover information about past event or knowledge in psychology. As a matter of fact, we do not only talk about it in psychological field but also use it in other academic ones. It plays a very important role in our life, especially when we learn to interpret another language .It may be at construction cites, press conferences or international fairs where we usually apply interpretation .A qualified interpreter must have a good memory except his professional learning .It is reasonable and necessary for him to know something about the importance of memory in interpretation. The paper is concerned about the functions of memory in interpretation: retain source language, understand source language and express source language .Besides, some ways to train memory in interpretation are also accounted: general methods, some background information and linguistic methods.
2. Memory
2.1 Definition:
Memory is a normal function of our human brains.
Memory is a psychological process which a person gradually
accumulates and remembers his individual experience. It also
can be explained in terms of coping with information that the
process of encoding, storing and extracting the absorbed
information (Peng Danlin,2004, 206-8.)
Memory is the power or process of reproducing or recalling what has been learned and retained especially through associative mechanisms. What is more, the store of things learned and retained from an organism's activity or experience is evidenced by modification of structure or behavior or by recall and recognition.
2.2 Categories
According to cognitive psychology, there are three categories of memory and identifies them as types of sensory store, short-term memory and long-term memory
2.2.1 Sensory store
Sensory memory corresponds approximately to the initial few seconds after an item is perceived. The ability to look at an item, 本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供and remember what it looked like with just a second of observation, or memorization, is an example of sensory memory. Sensory store can be transferred into short-term memory if it is noted. It is the first channel that one’s brain takes in information.
2.2.2 Short-term memory
Some of the information in sensory memory is then transferred to short-term memory. Short-term memory allows one to recall something from several seconds to as long as a minute without rehearsal. Modern estimates of the capacity of short-term memory are lower, typically on the order of 4-5 items, and we know that memory capacity can be increased through a process called chunking. Short-term Memory is also called working memory. The capacity of short-term memory is limited, only the seven discrete information units.
2.2.3 Long-term Memory
The storage in sensory memory and short-term memory generally has a strictly limited capacity and duration, which means that information, is available for a certain period of time, but is not retained definitely. By contrast,