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Reiss believes that the theoretical exploration of translation should alwaysdistinguish the types of texts,and a typology closely related to translation practiceand covering all types of texts is the most basic requirement of objective translationcriticism.The purpose of translation,she thinks,is“to transfer the source text intothe target language without abridging,expanding or any particular spin.Thetranslation should represent the original text with corresponding text,whichemphasizes that translation is text-centered,not words or sentences.”(Reiss 2004:17).

On the basis of Karl Bühler’s tripartite classification of language functions,Reiss raised three written text types:the informative,the expressive and theoperative.She was the first one to relate the language function with translation and ext types.The three types has each own distinct semantic,lexical and grammaticalfeatures.In Reiss’s opinion,the approach for the translator is determined by the texttype.“It is the most important factor that affects the translator’s choice ofappropriate translation methods”(Reiss 2004:17).

2.2 Text Type of the ST

“Different texts have different translation strategies,and translators shouldadopt appropriate translation strategies according to the features of target texts andreproduce the information of source texts”(张美芳2013:7).“The translator mustexamine the source text to determine its language function precisely.Translationapproaches should be decided by the text type.”(Reiss 2004:24)Therefore,thetranslator must carefully study the original text and determine the text type beforetranslation,and then select the appropriate translation strategies according to thetext type.

In The End of Education:Redefining the Value of School,the author Postmanrejects the growing emphasis on economic utility,training for consumership,andfaith in technology that characterize modern education.He holds that the purpose ofeducation is to forge a coherent unified culture out of the diversity within Americansociety.That is,he claims,the aim that inspired American education in the early20th century,and it is also the goal that he proposes for education in the future.

Chapter 3 Translation Process.....................14

3.1 Pre-translation...............................14

3.2 While-translation............................17

3.3 Post-translation..................................18

Chapter 4 Case Study.................................20

4.1 Translation at the Lexical Level........................20

4.1.1 Selection of the Optimal Equivalent.........................21

4.1.2 Translation of Culture-loaded Words.................................25

Chapter 5 Conclusion......................43

5.1 Reflections..................................43

5.2 Limitations..................................44

Chapter 4 Case Study

4.1 Translation at the Lexical Level

“The translation of informative texts should present the referential andconceptual contents”(李长栓2012:45).As previously mentioned,at the lexicallevel,the source text contains bountiful t本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。