英语论文网

3《目标》中的文化教学策略评价

《目标》的制定只是对美国外语教学起到指导作用，并非要求统一实施和使用。2008年全美外语教学协会（ACTFL）进行了关于美国外语学习目标在外语教学界的作用的调查。该调查从《目标》在学术界、机构努力以及教师职前与职后职业发展三个领域入手，形成了题为“外语教学标准十年：影响与未来”的调查结果报告。[8]根据调查结果得出了如下结论：外语教学标准已经在行业的多领域范围内产生影响。调查结果涉及对文化教学实施的评价部分可以概括为两个方面：第一，文化教学在语言教学中的地位得到业内专家和外语教师们的肯定。根据学术界调查结果，在与外语教学标准相关的学术论文引用中，文化和交际是五个标准中的“强势标准”，即上述两个标准在学术论文内容中被谈及的比例最大。在《目标》对外语教师的影响调查结果中，五个外语教学标准中，交际和文化标准在教师教学关注比例中也排列前两位，分别是79%和22%。在教学中，文化教学适用于具有目的语文化知识和体验的外语教师。英语为母语，同时具有大量的海外经历的外语教师更易进行文化教学，尽管他们在文化教学中只是教授他们最熟知的目的语文化内容。而没有目的语文化体验的教师则认为文化教学有难度，自身也不能找到一个自己学习更多目的语文化的有效方法。第二，职后外语教师培训重视文化内容。调查结果发现《目标》对于教师职业发展（professional development）内容产生了影响。涉及对《目标》内容所进行的正式的职业发展培训方式主要是由工作坊和简短的讨论会、讲座构成。在内容上主要集中在交际和文化两个目标上。而非正式的职业发展培训，包括与同事交流、阅读学术文章等，以谈论文化目标为主题内容则占到了最高比例。尽管文化教学在学术或教学领域中的关注度较高，但是调查结果依然暴露出了一些问题：学区总监考核的新任外语教师中56%的教师熟悉外语教学标准，而44%完全不知道标准内容；37%的大学教师在职前培养中完全给予学生《目标》的内容教授，58%极少，5%完全没有。

4 启示

立足我国国情，在相互借鉴的基础上，我国基础教育阶段，4 Strategies for Further Development of Indepen dent Colleges4.1 Strengthening the construction of teaching staffIn the near future, the development of independent collegeswill face the problems of converting a school body, namelychange from relying on public universities to stand on its own,which requires stable and high-quality teachers with their ownschool-running orientation.4.2 Standardizing teaching management.Although the parent university talents training plan, teach ing management experience can offer the guidance and referencefor independent colleges, to improve the quality of education, in dependent colleges must explore much according to their ownthe teaching plan, teaching standard and teaching managementsystem, improving the operating mechanism of teaching, the class room teaching, practice teaching, teaching examination, teachingarchives should be the key projects in accordance with the rulesand regulations to standardize the management, scientific manage ment.4.3 Improving the monitoring systemIn addition, independent college should improve the teach ing quality monitoring system, such as the formation of teachingsupervision mechanism, through lectures, classes, checking theteaching discipline, improving the daily teaching assessment.To ensure the teaching funding, improve the conditions forrunning schools. Since the founding of short time, funding in theteaching instrument and equipment purchase and repair is insuffi cient. In order to improve the quality of talent training, the fundof teaching needs to gradually be increased, in order to improvethe conditions for running schools.In order to adapt to economic and social demand for talents,professional settings to adjust the pace is relatively faster. Oncethey set up a new professional, teaching laboratory, library, prac tice base need to be established as soon as possible.

5 Conclusion结论

The diversification of China's higher education form is theinevitable road of the higher education development, which wasalso confirmed by the practice of educational development in theworld. To solve the philosophy of Independent College is theguarantee of the long-term and stable fundamental measure. Atthe same time, ensuring the persistent and healt本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。