摘要:随着全球经济和贸易的飞速发展,国际商务谈判活动已显日益重要和频繁。着眼于当下全球经济形势,世界各地的人们也已逐渐意识到了国际商务谈判的重要性。因此在国际商务谈判中,为避免不必要的误会以及使谈判能够顺利进行,谈判者在谈判前了解相应的异国文化知识显得非常有必了。
ownright uncomfortable. Effective self-expression is, therefore, individualistic and direct, often focusing on abilities and achievements. People can find that words like “I” and “me” are most frequently used in their talk.
As one of the great Sino-Tibetan languages, Chinese, however, is a language emphasizes indirectness and impersonalization. As in most high context culture, people know and understand each other and their appropriate roles; words are not necessary to convey meaning. Many Asian cultures minimize verbal communication and are comfortable with silence, with the importance of words subordinated to that of presence. In Sino-Tibetan languages speaking countries, “nature” and “life” are the center of the universe, the role of individual is to live harmony with nature. Since English and Sino-Tibetan languages are two different language species, businessmen from both sides should be aware of the difference and behave properly in business negotiations.
2.3
Politics
Different state is dominated by different regulations and rules, therefore, it’s acceptable that people from different countries may have different opinions upon certain issues. In the process of obeying these regulations and rules, people’s minds and behaviors are more or less affected gradually. Politics is another important factor that counts for the difference in intercultural communications.
As we know, English is a 君主立宪制state, which value the 等级制度highly. We can find 各种等级in history to illustrate this, as a result, the common and the noble are separated by the ranks in social occasions. In English, the upper class and the lower class are also treated differently according to their social identity. So it’s no doubt that the English businessmen tend to pay more attention to their possible business cooperators on the condition that the cooperators enjoy high status. Besides,English are more conservative and strict in business activities. Things, however, are different in China. We can learn from ancient time that China enjoys a mutaculture for a long time, China as well as Chinese has been devoting to communicating with people around the worlds regardless of race and statue. People in China are also equally treated.
3.The Culture Conflicts Between China and English in Business Negotiation
3.1Induvidualism and Collectivism
A famous western proverb saying “He who runs alone will win the race” is the best illustration that the most westerns’ attitude towards individualism. Indeed, as most westerners ,English is a nation focuses on individualism rather than collectivism. While the old Chinese saying “Two heads are better than one” suggests that Chinese pay more attention to collectivism. Under such circumstances, culture conflicts are to take paces in international business negotiations.
In individual culture, the goal is to develop responsible citizens of assuming responsibility for personal problems and issues. Profession and career choices, selection of jobs are normally made by the individual with independence. So the English tend to make decisions by one certain person in the business negotiation, while the Chinese would not announce their decision unless they have a heated discussion within the group. The individualist cultures also emphasizes personal freedom, most of them have a greater physical space and privacy requirement than
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