英语论文网

alization, was gradually popular in more and more factories, and such specialization raised production but lowered the skill level of the average worker. This condition helped women a lot to get jobs easily than before, since they had no professional knowledge. After the World WarⅡ, there came new technological revolution, economic area, productive department and needs for goods and service. They brought ways to jobs and enlarged the need of labor force. This new condition shifted the nature of work from physically demanding tasks that favored male strength to jobs that required intelligence and imagination. In this aspect, women and men were on even footing. There were more young women participating in the production of computers and other electronic productions. In 1947-1960, the proportion of American workingwomen was increasing from 29%-37.7%. Women became the white-collar workers; they worked as managers, directors of companies. And up to 1985, there were 5,010,000 career women in America, and it was 44%of the total labor force. Then, the times of knowledge economy came into being. Knowledge became the most important factor in work and people paid much more attention to the employees’ knowledge and capability than gender. This was important to female, especially those who had high education and had enough skills as males. It was another peak for women having careers. 2. Efforts of Government and Non-government Organizations The American federation, every state government, and non-government organizations contributed themselves to improving women’s status. In 1992, a law to protect women in work was passed by the U.S. Congress. Since 1994, the Federation diverted US$ 10 billion per year basing on this law to help women working in IT and manufacturing industry, which was traditionally dominated by men and with high salaries and good future. This measure made more women get better positions with high income (20%-30% higher than women got in traditional careers). On Oct.7, 1998, Congress passed Amendment to The Federal Higher Education Act and the Higher Education. This act allowed people who live by social welfare to receive professional training and financial aids for higher education. In Tennessee, the local Women’s Economic Committee formulated a plan to make sure that women’s salary would not be less than the Minimum salary. In 2001, the women’s organization in Alabama published Alabama Women’s Blueprint for Action to state the political position of females there, and it also pointed out that the development of economy was closely related with women. The American women’s organizations frequently exchanged different ideas about how to develop women’s status. They offered useful information to who needed it or who was in trouble through internet. The number of people using website to discuss how to deal with problems women met with in their daily life was increasing. They tried to help women to pursue their own business, be independent, overcome difficulties and also help women to know how to grasp chances leading to success. Some associations would invite famous or successful women in every area to give speeches or have some talks to inspire and help other women to keep far away from inferiority. In western countries, according to Bible, women were thought to be connected with evil, so the organization would hold conferences or publish articles to correct citizens’ minds and to prove that traditional view was wrong and antiqua