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(2)-ed分词作非限制性后置修饰语。如:Thecity, seen from the mountain, looks much morebeautiful.这一句可以转换为:The city, which isseen from the mountain, looks much more beauti-ful.还可以将-ed分词移到句首: Seen from themountain, the city looks much more beautiful.但同时必须注意,这里的-ed分词修饰的是主语才能够移至句首并不改变句意,倘若修饰宾语或介词补足语时就不能移到句首,因为那样会改变原来的意思。如:I shared the room with Jane, just admittedto the company last week.这一句,如果把-ed分词移到句首:Just admitted to the company last week,I shared the room with Jane.那么-ed分词修饰的就是I而不是Jane了。

三、-ing分词被动式和-ed分词的比较

1.-ing分词被动式

-ing分词的一般形式(doing)和完成式(havingdone)都分别有被动式,即being done和havingbeen done。如:Being caught in the rain, I got acold.或Having been told the story, he understoodhis son.但不能一概而论,如Being exhausted, mymother fell ill.这一句中的being exhausted就只能理解为分词being后面加上相当于形容词的过去分词表状态,而且分词being可以省去。

2.-ing分词被动式与-ed分词比较

由以上的分析可以看出-ing分词被动式(beingdone , having been done)和-ed分词都可以表示被动的意思。

(1)相似:当它们作附加状语或在独立结构中所表达的语义无明显差别,并都可以用状语分句替换。如:Beat by his mother, the little boy fled. =Being beat by his mother, the little boy fled. =Having been beat by his mother, the little boyfled. = When he was beat by his mother, the lit-tle boy fled.又如:The tickets bought, they jumpedto their feet. = The tickets being bought, theyjumped to their feet. = The tickets having beenbought, they jumped to their feet. = As the tick-ets were bought, they jumped to their feet.只是在独立结构中,-ing分词的完成被动式多用来表示与主句谓语动词的先后关系。

(2)区别:

①作后置定语时,如:The entertainment build-ing being built will be completed next year. (=which is being built) The entertainment buildingbuilt is the tallest in our city. (=which has beenbuilt)从这个例子可以看出,ing分词被动式作后置定语表示进行中的动作,-ed分词作后置定语表示已经完成的动作。

②作宾语补足语时区别同上。

③作前置定语时,如:The surprised people arerunning to site of accident.-ed分词可以作前置定语,-ing分词被动式不可以。

④在句中充当主语、动词的直接宾语和介词宾语的成分,如:Being caught in the rain is harmful toyour health.又如: I succeeded without beingtaught.-ing分词被动式可以在句中充当主语、动词的直接宾语和介词宾语的成分,而-ed分词则不能这样用。

⑤表条件时,-ed分词不可以用-ing分词被动式代替。如: Certain poisons, used as medicines insmall quantities, prove not only innocuous, butbeneficial.⑥强调原因时,应该用-ing分词一般被动式。如:Being written in haste, the composition is fullof mistakes.

⑦在复合宾语中,如:On my way to school, Ihave to have my bike repaired.在have、let、keep等使役动词后只能用-ed分词。

⑧在比较固定的分词独立结构中,如:all told,all said and done等。此时一般多用-ed分词。

四、结论

-ing分词和-ed分词在性质、功能上都有很多的相似之处,但它们的用法区别也是很明显的。在使用-ing分词或-ed分词时应该首先严格遵守以上规则本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。