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aving competed
竞争的压力使美国人精力充沛,但也使他们时时处于感情紧张之中。(97,6-47,A对)
2.注意区别“名词+不定式”与“名词+介词+动名词(短语)”结构。例如:
He gives people the impression all his life abroad.
A)of having spent　B)to have spent
C)of being spent　D)to spent
他给人的印象是他的一生都在国处度过。(98,6-46,A对。impression后接“of+动名词”结构)
3.“介词+关系代词+不定式”可以作定语用。
例如:
You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from to suspend your tent.
A)there　B)them　C)which　D)where
你将需要两棵相距约10英尺的树来挂帐篷。
(95,6-50,C对)(=You will want two trees about ten feet apart to suspend your tent from)
4.分词作定语。注意区别现在分词与过去分词作定语时的区别,分词与不定式作定语时的区别:
Homework on time will lead to better grades.
A)done　　　B)be done
C)having done　D)to have been done
按时完成作业会让你取得好成绩。(95,1-44,A对)
As early as 1647,Ohio made a decision that free, Tax supported schools must be established in every town 50 households or more.
A)having　　　B)to have
C)to have had　　D)having had
早在1647年,俄亥俄州就做出决定,拥有50户或50户以上家庭的每一个镇,都必须建立免费的由税维持的学校。(98,1-36,A对。In every town having 50 households or more相当于in every town which has 50 households or more.)

 

(三)非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语常常表示目的和结果。例如:
a teacher in the university, it is necessary to have at least a master’s degree.
A)To become　　B)Become
C)On become　　D)On becoming
想在大学里当教师,至少要有硕士学位。(95。1-48,A对)
2. 现在分词(短语)作状语表示主动,过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动。注意两者的区别:
The speaker, for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.
A)having known　　B)being known
C)knowing　　D)known
这位以演说精彩闻名的演讲者受到了听众的热烈欢迎。(91,6-58,D对,相当于:The speaker, who was known for her splendid speeches……)the earth to be fat, many feared that Columbus would fall of the edge of the earth.
A)Having believed　B)Believing
C)Believed　　D)Being believed
许多人认为地球是扁的,因此害怕哥伦布会从地球的边缘掉下。(96,6-22,B对。)

 

(四)非谓语动词作宾语的补足语
“动词+名词+现在分词/过去分词/带to的不定式/不带to的不定式”是常考的句型,注意它们意义上的区别:
The children went there to watch the iron tower.
A)to elect　　B)erecting
C)be elect　　D)being erected
孩子们到哪里去看铁塔被竖起来。(90,1-55,D对)
In Australia the Asian make their influence in business large and small.
A)feeling　B)feel　C)felt　D)to be felt
在澳大利亚,亚洲人使人们感到他们在大小企业的影响。(94,1-67,C对)
The manager promised to keep me of how our business was going on.
A)to be informed　B)on informing
C)informed　　　D)informing
经理答应让我不断了解业务的进展情况。(直译:……让我们不断被告知……)(90。1-57,C对)
Don’t get your schedule ;stay with us in this class.
A)to change　　B)changing
C)changed　　　D)change
不要改变你的计划,就和我们一起留在这个班.(96.1-42,C对)
When I caught him me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.
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