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nyi in their research andconcluded that the form of the poem, which reflects the harmony of the rhythm, isequally important with the content.Wang Rongpei (1998a, 1998b, 1998c), who himself is a major translator,conducted comparative studies with the focus on the conveying of original charm andspirit, which is supported by many other researchers. And Lei Qiong (2008)’s startingfrom the perspective of hermeneutics also provides new insights.Apart from these, Cai Hua’s A Study of English Retranslation of Tao Yuanming’sPoems in Light of Bakhtin’s Studies (2008) is a systematic research into Englishtranslations of T’ao. In the book, Cai analyzed the features of different translators,including Fang Chong, Tan Shilin, Wang Rongpei, Davis, Yang Xianyi and Gladys,emphasized the importance of the translation of emotion and will, and explained thestrategies of duplicative word translation. Her study shows that each translation is theproduct of specific dialogue with the writer and the text, and that domestic andforeign translators generally have different translation tendency with the formerpaying more attention to the spirit and the latter to the letter.Jin Chengcheng’s Research on the English Translation of Tao Yuanming (2011)added to the existent achievements by showing how incompleteness of translation caninfluence understanding of the poet.Brilliant and enlightening though all these researches are, it can still be noticedthat there is no study examining from the perspective of historical continuum. Howdoes the translation happen? Is there any alteration or distortion to the original poem?What is the relation between the former translations and the latter ones? And are thetranslations done by foreign translators enough for the restoration of the poet? Theseproblems are to be solved in the next chapters.

Chapter Two Changes of English Translations of T’ao’s Poetry in the Other Land...9

2.1 Change in Text Selection: from Fragment to Integrity .....................................9

2.1.1 Integrity Broken ....................................................................................10

2.1.2 Integrity Partially Restored ...................................................................13

2.1.3 Approaching Adequate Selection..........................................................14

2.2 Change in Understanding: from Misinterpretation to Correct Interpretation .15

2.2.1 Stray Bird Misinterpreted .....................................................................16

2.2.2 Drunkenness Restored ..........................................................................19

2.2.3 Approaching Adequate Understanding .................................................22

2.3 Change in Mode of Representation: from Domestication to Foreignization ..25

2.3.1 Substituting with Familiar Terms..........................................................26

2.3.2 Providing Culture-specific Explanations ..............................................27

2.3.3 Keeping Original Forms .......................................................................30

2.4 Summary — Restitution in Historical Continuum..........................................33

Conclusion

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