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There is yet another way of defining space, and although it is not just strictly architectural related, architects and designers nevertheless must take this space into account. It is commonly known as personal space, the distance or region surrounding a person or in between members of the same species. For most animals, this zone of comfort or space that they generally regard as psychologically theirs is usually genetically programmed. However humans were found and proven to be extremely flexible in their determination and their opinions of personal space; it seems like they do not have any programmed genetic spatial code. Instead, it was found out that human's personal space is culturally determined and very often fixed during childhood, so that any enforced changes in personal distance later in their life may produce different spatial perceptions and emotions. For example, the Italians and the French prefer or rather do not mind their cafes and restaurants to be much more densely packed as compared to the English. Sometimes even in the same culture, different sets of rules and factors determining personal spaces are adopted by men and women. Two male strangers will maintain a greater distance compared to two unacquainted women. If an architect or designer violates these so called unspoken rules of personal space and places people in a space that is not catered to these needs, the result may prove to be an environment that is resisted by the users with negative perceptions and responses that follows.

Now, after exploring on the experiential spaces that determines one's spatial experience, let us proceed on to investigate the categories of different perceptions - The Philosophy of Perception.

Since historical times, the question of how we can gain and acquire knowledge via perception has always been the most important philosophical problem posed by perception. The philosophy of perception concerns how our mind perceives the space and the spatial perception depends on how spaces are observed and interpreted by the perceiver. In order to grasp this, we need to understand the different categories of spatial perception.

Perception can be categorized into 4 categories - no perception, direct perception, passive perception and active perception.

Just as one object is able to give rise to a multitude of different percepts, similarly an object may also fail to give rise to any percept at all. If the percept has no reference to a person's past experience or knowledge, the person may simply not perceive it. Thus there will be no perception occurring.

Specifications are direct mappings of certain aspects of the world into a spectrum of perceptions; with this given mapping, one would not need any form of enrichment or experience and this is called direct perception. This is usually knowledge or information gained through education or other mediums like books, television programmes etc. Direct perception occurs when information from the environment received by our sensory organs forms the basis of perceptual experience and these transmitted sensory inputs are converted into our perceptions of tables and chairs, roads and buildings, cars and bicycles etc.

Some argue that the process of perceiving is not direct, but to a certain extent depending on the pe本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。