英语论文网

Abstract This thesis is to discuss the stylistic features of public speech, which is mainly divided into four parts. In part one, it analyzes the similarities and differences between public speech and daily conversation. In part two, it tries to analyze the stylistic features from grammar, vocabulary and phonetic characteristics. In grammar characteristics, it mainly discusses the phrase structure and sentence structure. In vocabulary characteristics, it shows the importance of language and offers a number of practical guides for using words accurately, clearly, vividly and appropriately. In phonetic characteristics, it deals with the basic methods of speech delivery, the use of the speaker’s voice, and the role of nonverbal communication in speechmaking. In part three, it discusses the features of public speech in informal style, which introduces the basic principles of audience analysis and explains how to make a speech adapted to all audience. At last, it explores the features of public speech in literary style. 摘要汉语的演说辞是一种议论文，属应用文的一种。英语的演说辞归属哪种文体却是个复杂的问题。许多学者在其专著中从不同方面研究、分析了英语演说辞的文体。他们把演说辞看作是纯粹的口语体、书面语体或是文学语体，都带有片面性。此篇论文则全面分析了英语演说辞的语体特征。演说辞使用的特殊语境决定了演说辞文体的特殊性。演说者所使用的场界和参旨决定了演说辞是一种口语，要用在会议或群众集会上作口头发言，因此演说辞是一种口语文体。但演说辞又往往是经过事先精心书写好的文章，从其使用方式来看，这种口语是一种非自然语，它又具有书面语体的特征。然而，英语演说辞源远流长。欧美民族自古以来崇尚“演讲术”这种传统可以追溯到古希腊时代。古希腊著名哲学家苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德在研究修辞学的过程中，重点都放在“演讲术”上，把修辞视为演讲的艺术。而由于有上述历史和传统的原因，英语演说辞和其他一些语言的演说辞又有不同的语体特征，即它还带有文学语体的特征。 Contents Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………ⅱ Abstract……………………………………………………………………ⅲ Introduction………………………………………………………………1 1．Similarities and differences between public speech and daily conversation…………………………………………2 2．The features of public speech in formal style…………………………3 2.1 Grammar characteristics……………………………………………5 2.2 Vocabulary characteristics…………………………………………7 2.3 Phonetic characteristics……………………………………………9 3．The features of public speech in informal style………………………12 4．The features of public speech in literary style…………………………13 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………16 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………17 Introduction There are many scholars who have studied and analyzed the style of English speech from different aspects. “Investigating English Style” by Professor David Crystal and Derek Davy divided English style into five kinds: the language of conversation, the language of unscripted commentary, the language of religion, the language of newspaper reporting and the language of legal documents. They classified public speech into the second kind: the language of unscripted commentary. On the contrary, Professor Robert C. Pooley divided English style into five levels: illiterate level, homely level, informal l evel, formal level and literary level. He thought that public speech belongs to formal level and literary level. Another American linguistic expert Martin Joos came up “the Five Clocks” in his book, which included the Frozen Style, the Formal Style, the Consultative Style, the Casual Style and Intimate Style. In his opinion, public speech belongs to the Formal Style and the Consultative Style. This thesis continues to be followed by classical and contemporary theories of style but does not just present the theories. Keeping a steady eye on the practical skills in public speech, it offers full converge of three major aspects of stylistics features of public speech, the features of public speech in formal style, in informal style and in literary style. Because public speech is situatio