浅析美国的个人主义与中国的集体主义Brief Discussion on American Individualism and Chinese Collectivism [3]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-10编辑:刘宝玲点击率:23962
论文字数:26000论文编号:org200904101135203730语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:prisoners of war (POW); American individualism; Chinese collectivisminnovation in science and technologyrule by law战俘美国的个人主义中国的集体主义科技创新法治
to safeguard personal interest. So the frontiers made the Federal
constitution, the cleverest constitution in the human
history. It dealt with the interest conflict between individual and nation in a flexible way, which always safeguards the former to the largest degree.
Thus, till now there is no state governor was elected for he intended to protect the federal interests more, rather than their own state’s interests. Different form China, nation was evolved from people, village, and state in USA. Therefore, when they keep balance with individual and national interests, they favor for the individual. They are used to thinking in this way. Then, American people’s attitudes towards surrender and POW would be understandable now.
B. Definition and Explanation of Chinese Collectivism
The basis of eastern culture is Confucianism and its core is collectivism.
To a member of the proletariat, he should act with Marxist outlook as the guide, with collectivism as the principle, with the realization of socialism and communism as the goal. There are three origins of Chinese culture: Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. What Confucianism pursues is the secular rank, fame and fortune and the value goal of Confucianism is collective interests.
For Chinese collectivism, it refers to that collective is the foundation for the existence of individual. Public interests are the interests of individual and public values are the values of individual and what is more, public will is the will of individual. For this cultural reason, American president George W. Bush once recalled his childhood when his father was the ambassador in Beijing and for his earliest impression about China he said in the streets of Beijing, all the people wore the same clothes and rode the same bicycles.
If you want to argue that there are really no human rights in China, the following historical facts can demolish your argument. During the War of Resistance against Japan (1937-1945) and Korean War (1950-1953), Chinese government did not mistreat the POW from Japan or America, but supplied each of them with the equal even more food than a Chinese soldier. It was not because of the Geneva Convention, just for the accustomed ideas in people’s mind.
So the conclusion is that Chinese people can be tolerant toward POW from other countries, but they cannot be tolerant toward POW from China. The reason is that the authority is above the individual and so the superior one should kindly treat individual.
To a Chinese, collective glory is valued more than individual interests. And this kind of thought still has market in today’s China. Looking back on last year’s TV serial, two of the most popular teleplays: Plot Against and Showing Swords, the heroes of the first teleplay works in national intelligence agency and the hero of the second teleplay is the head of an independent regiment in the battlefield against Japanese forces and later Kuomintang forces. In Plot Against, the heroes work heart and soul for his conviction and country even with the sacrifice of their personal love and life. In the TV series of Showing Swords, both the heads of Communist Party and KMT Party show contempt for the Chinese POW in the War of Resistance Against Japan. Audiences like them very much, so they also support such attitude toward POW.
What is important is that collectivism brings patriotic cohesion, good social order but at the same time lack of imagination and undeveloped individual personality. Such disad
本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。