Reconstruction of Rural Public Goods Supply Mechanism of China [4]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-15编辑:黄丽樱点击率:11535
论文字数:3216论文编号:org200904152227079488语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:reconstructionrural publicgoods supply mechanismChinaEnglish
The village financial management is in a disorder, and there isn’t complete accounting book, and qualifying accountant and cashier, the blank note on the accounting book is very popular.
The village and township’s financial opening policy hasn’t been executed, the transparency of public fund management isn’t high, which caused the asymmetry of information between the supervised and the supervisor and cost of superior inspection rises. And limited culture and knowledge of farmers also hindered the implementation of efficient supervision on funds. Therefore, funds for rural public goods are often inappropriate or even wasted.
3.4 Disunity between Rights of Affair and of Property of the Central and Local Governments Leads to Disturbance of Rural Public Goods Supplier
Providing public goods and making up market problems are the main functions of the government. According to public financial theory, the governments should offer rural pure public goods free of charge and the rural quasi-public goods should be mainly offered by the governments and supported by market mechanism function. According to financial share-holding theory, some level of government should have the corresponding level rights of affair, and the rights of finance and of affair should match, therefore, central government should mainly be in charge of national public goods’ supply and local government should be in charge of local public goods’ supply.
But in real practice, both central and local government have unclear definition in rural public goods supply and disturbance of rural public goods supplier, which lead to the situation that the offering of public goods has been transferred from central government to local government and assumed by farmers. For example, compulsory education and family planning are national public goods and should be offered by the central government, but now are mainly offered by township and village governments; militia training belongs to national defense and is a typical national public goods and should be assumed by the central government, but, in fact, is assumed by the township and village government. Those situations will cause that local governments’ rights of affair is beyond its right of finance, they can only transfer the responsibility to farmers and impose charges and apportions on farmers and make farmer become the supplier of rural public goods.
4 Countermeasures to Reconstruct Rural Public Goods Supply System
To solve rural public goods supply’s problems at root, to meet farmers’ demand on rural public goods and spur rural economic and social development, we must reconstruct the rural public goods supply system.
4.1 Construction of Urban-rural Integrated Public Goods Supply System
For a long time, since the government’s policy has focused on the industry rather than agriculture, the urban-rural separated public goods supply system is formed. In urban area, there’s public goods supply system mainly supported by government, and the “self-sufficient” public goods supply system mainly supported the farmers themselves, which causes shortage of public goods that are poor in quality. To speed up the development of rural economy and society, we should construct an urban-rural integrated public goods supply system.
First, regulate government policy in public expenditure; establish industry-based agriculture and urban-based rural mechanism. Central government should ensure that its total investment in agriculture has a
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