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1.1 Background of the Research研究背景
Along with China’s reform and opening up policy and the tremendousdevelopment of Science and technology, the Chinese patent projects have beenincreasing year by year, which have a great influence on the development of wholeworld. Moreover, with the China joining in the World Trade Organization, thecommunications with other countries become much more frequent. It is more urgentthan before to introduce the new scientific and technical documents from abroad topromote China’s economic development and we also should introduce our newtechnology to other countries so as to learn from each other and facilitate thedevelopment of the whole world. Meanwhile, the development of science andtechnology has also been accompanied by increasing demanding of EST translation inquality and quantity. Hence, more and more researchers and translators are engaged inthis field. But compared with the research on the translation of literary works, thetranslation situation in EST is unsatisfactory. EST is a special register of general Englishand has its own unique features. Therefore, how to make the translation of EST faithfulto its styles is a problem worth noticing and researching.

1.2 Purpose and Significance of the Research研究目的和意义
Due to the internationality of the world，we meet the challenges of scientificglobalization ． Translation has always been playing an important role in thecommunications of people among different countries．In recent years, Chinese scienceand technology have made a remarkable development and the patent projects have beenincreasing year by year, which have a great influence on the development of wholeworld. Meanwhile, the exchanges between China and the other countries become moreand more frequent. The frequency of the communications reveals the importance of thetranslation of English for Science and Technology.Grammatical metaphor is an important theory in systematic functional linguistics,which includes three branches: ideational metaphor, interpersonal metaphor and textualmetaphor. When we translate one kind of language codes into another, we may havedifficulties in choosing a suitable one from various language forms, which leads to theemergence of congruent form and metaphorical form. Grammatical metaphor isHalliday’s unique interpretation of metaphorical nature of grammar．Halliday said that“Metaphorical modes of expression are characteristic of all adult discourse．There is agreat deal of variation among different registers in the degree and kind of metaphor thatis encountered；but none will be found entirely without it．The only examples ofdiscourse without metaphor that we normally meet with are in young children’s speech，and in traditional children’s rhymes and songs that seem to survive for that very reason：that they lack grammatical metaphors ”(Halliday,1994:341)．Halliday’s statement provesthat we human being use a large number of grammatical metaphor in our daily life.There is no doubt that grammatical metaphor is also existing in common scientificdiscourse．In recent years, the research on EST translation and grammatical metaphor hasrapidly developed, which has been fruitful. Most of the theorists and researchersengaged in the study of the metaphor of English for Science and Technology discoursemainly focus o