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1。背景
不断变化的文本和读者是管理的关系，是一个值得研究的方式来表达不确定性和可能性的语言现象。对冲最初被描述为清晰或含糊的语言。当它第一次提出了由乔治·拉科夫定义为“字样，其任务是使事情变得更模糊或更模糊”（莱考夫，1972）。根据他的定义，对冲，清晰或含糊的语言是共同的。这两个词是短语和句子最大的语言单位是可以模糊的。因此，模糊语义，而不是只词汇。此外，对冲不仅使事情变得更模糊，但也使他们失去了模糊。也就是说，对冲可以改变程度的模糊性，增加或减少。
1. Background https://www.51lunwen.org/languagethesis/
Hedging, as important interpersonal metadisourse markers deployed to manage the relations among the writer, the evolving text and the intended reader, is a worthwhile linguistic phenomenon to study in a way to expresses uncertainty and possibility. Hedging was originally described as fuzziness or vagueness of language. When it was first put forward by George Lakoff defined as "words whose job is to make things fuzzier or less fuzzy" (Lakoff, 1972). According to his definition of hedge, fuzziness or vagueness is common in language, existing at all levels and aspects. Both words and larger language units like phrases and sentences can be vague. Therefore, vagueness should be semantic rather than only lexical. Moreover, hedges can not only make things fuzzier but also make them less fuzzy. That is, hedges can alter the degree of fuzziness, either increasing or decreasing it.
海仑宾馆做了详细的解释，那就是对冲，对冲如可能，可能，也许“代表削弱作家的承诺”通过明确的资格要求。这可能是疑问，并指出这些信息提出意见，而不是认可的事实，也可能是传达尊重，谦逊，尊重同事的意见（迈尔斯1989年，1998年海仑宾馆1996年b）。通过对冲，作者可以做出自己的陈述更严格，全面，客观。此外，运用套期保值可以帮助作者表达自己的想法，礼貌，这是有利于建立良好的关系与读者。一个好的作家总是在不同的水平（通过适当的模糊性语言的使用，以达到他们的写作目的。

Hyland gave a detailed explanation of hedges, that is hedges, like possible, might, and perhaps “represent a weakening of a claim through an explicit qualification of the writer's commitment”. This may be to show doubt and indicate that information is presented as opinion rather than accredited fact, or it may be to convey deference, humility, and respect for colleagues’ views (Myers 1989; Hyland 1996b, 1998a). By using hedging, authors can make their own statements more strict, comprehensive and objective. In addition, making use of hedging can help authors express their ideas more politely, which is beneficial to establish good relationship with readers. A good writer is always good at different levels (wat level?) through the use of appropriate vagueness language to achieve their purpose of writing (Chanell, 2000, p.175-190).
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Since mid-1980, the role and importance of hedges in academic writing have become a focus in academic writing research. Much of the extensive literature has analyzed cross-cultural and cross-linguistic differences in the use of hedges. Taylor and Ye (1991), for instance, compared Chinese and Anglo-American academic writing, concluding that, in contrast to Anglo-American writers, Chinese linguists tend to avoid using hedges in their articles. Gillaerts and Van de Velde (2010) analyzed interactional metadiscourse including hedges in Journal article abstracts published in the Journal of Pragmatics between 1977 and 2007 and found that the use of hedges rose steadily throughout the various decades. Lewin (2005) researched on the role of hedging in scientific literature, indicating that authors of scientific texts tended to see real uncertainty as the main motivation for their use of hedges. Hyland (1998) made an investigation of the doubt and certainty in published research articles from eight academic disciplines in a corpus of 56 research papers, identifying the principal means by which academics modify their statements and functions.
　　　
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