英语论文网

shering in a new era of peace.
 comparing “bitter swill (苦辣的泪水) and that dark chapter (黑暗的篇章)”, to “civil war and segregation  (内战和种族隔离)”
 The euphemism is the symbol of the social civilization progresses. In the human communication the production and development of euphemism are related with the unceasing enhancement of human civilization, it became the lubricant in human communication.
 Euphemism is a common phenomenon when people use language. It can change people’s relationship so that euphemism has very important social function。In every society there are certain things that are supposed to be unspeakable. A fair number of words make someone embarrassed，unhappy，dislike or fear when used in communication. If we express the meaning in the direct way, we will make such impression, which is vulgar, frivolous, and impolite. In order to avoid the embarrassment or ease the sting of harsh words, man has created euphemisms. For example, these words and phrases could always be found in Obama’s speech in a suitable place:
 Incursion(进入)- invasion（入侵）；heavy defeat（大溃败）-strategic withdraw （战略性撤退）；pacification（平定）-bombing（轰炸）；missile（导弹）-vehicle（载体）；Civilian casualties（平民伤亡）-collateral damage （附带损伤）； jobless mother（失业母亲）-welfare mother（福利母亲）； tax increase（增加税收）-revenue enhancement（财政收入增加），etc.
 4.2 Hyperbole and Understatement
 Hyperbole and understatement are common linguistic phenomena in our daily life. People frequently turn to them for help in both verbal expressions and written text.
Hyperbole refers to a case where the speaker's description is stronger than is warranted by the state of affairs described; and understatement refers to the converse of this. For example:
 It drew strength from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on doors of perfect strangers, and from the millions of Americans who volunteered and organized and proved that more than two centuries later a government of the people, by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth.
 Hyperbole is used to play up or to maximize the importance of something; in contrast, understatement is used to play down or to minimize the importance of it. For example:
 I was never the likeliest candidate for this office. We didn't start with much money or many endorsements. Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington. It began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston. It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to the cause.
  It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation's apathy who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep.
Hyperbole and understatement, although they are opposite, both of them have the same rhetorical function: to draw the attention of audience to the subject or the idea so as to lay emphasis on it. To know something about them and try to use them in your communicative language can make your speech or writing more impressive and your language more colorful.
 4.3 Pun and Allusion
 Pun is an old English rhetorical device in English language, commonly defined as humorous effect of a word with many senses or words alike in sound. Pun is used widespread i本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。