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modernity.While animals are the closest species to humans innature,they are still classified as the opposite of humans,acting as anothermanifestation of the division between humans and nonhumans.In Ghosh’s ecologicalnovels,animals have always occupied an important position.Whether it is the conflictbetween villagers and tigers and the friendship between Piya and dolphins in TheHungry Tide,or the strange encounter between Deen and snakes in Gun Island,animals,as the representative of nonhumans,directly respond to the relationshipbetween humans and nature.

For Deen,the death of the dog in Los Angles is also unbelievable as Gisa says:“Idon’t believe it.The dog is dead,of a snake bite!Here in LA!”(138).The samedisbelief also appears when Deen walks with Cinta in Venice’s wharf,where there arenumerous shipworms in the woods whose proliferation threatens the foundation ofVenice:“More and more of these are invading Venice,with the warming of thelagoon’s water.They eat up the wood from the inside in huge quantities.It hasbecome a big problem because Venice is built on wooden pilings.They are literallyeating the foundations of the city”(235).The shipworm’s invading of the woodruptures the plank and traps Deen and Cinta in the broken embankment while aroundthem the activities in the modern city are undergoing,“the lights of the city wereglowing in the distance and things seemed to be carrying on much as usual,despitethe flood.I could even hear a band,playing somewhere far away”(237).

Chapter Three Thinking the Unthinkable:The Recognition of the UncannyReality in Climate Change.....................49

3.1 The Cultural Colonialization of Third-World Yout................49

3.2 The Uncanny Scale of Time and Space.................................54

Conclusion...................................61

Chapter Three Thinking the Unthinkable:The Recognition of the Uncanny Reality in Climate Change

3.1 The Cultural Colonialization of Third-World Youth

This part argues that with the experience of uncanny events and feelings,Deenfinally recognizes the occurrent reality in which western popular culture drives theyoung illegal immigrants to pursue their dreams.

Although Royle asserts that the uncanny as an experience is less the theme thetext possesses than the effect on the readers,the discussions of Freud,Bloom andWindsor do not confine themselves in this field.Based on the uncanny phenomena inthe empirical world,Freud(2003)extends his examination to literary works from theauthors’perspective.He suggests authors pretend to write the reality and utilize rareor impossible events to surmount the limit of possibility and impress readers.Bloom(1999),on the other hand,considers the uncanny as the modern sublime,which has concrete objects that can generate the consequent feelings.Windsor(2019),followingBloom’s idea,argues that the uncanny is“an affective state directed toward particularobjects in the world”(Windsor 2019:55)in which the subject’s uncanny feeling couldchange the way of interpreting the world in literature.In other words,the uncannyeffect is not limited to readers’mind.Instead,it can deliver its effect to readers byimpacting protagonists’perception and cognition toward the world through strangeevents that authors intentionally create.

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