英语论文网

1.2 The complex nature of acquiring a word
Despite the fact that learners are aware of the significance of vocabulary learning(VL) in English, their effort made to learn vocabulary often result in disappointmentand frustration. This shed light on the complex nature of vocabulary learning. It wassaid that words do not have meanings; people have the meanings for the words.English words are not only huge in number but also complex in nature. Nation (1990)states: “vocabulary knowledge consists of four dimensions: form (oral, written),position (grammatical patterns, collocations), function (frequency, appropriateness),and meaning (concept, associations).” Overviews of factors affecting the learningdifficulty of words are given by Nation (1990), Laufer (1997), and Rodgers (1969).Two of these factors that are worth mentioning are codability of the morphonologicalforms of words and the arbitrariness of the form-meaning link. Thus learning a wordis a complicated activity that depends on the learner’s purposes, standards, situation,and teachers’ requirements and so on.

Chapter two Literature Review

This chapter is about the review of literature in vocabulary study.

2.1 Definition of word
Before we start to consider measuring the vocabulary knowledge, it isunavoidable first to explore the nature of what a word is. This is an issue that is ofconsiderable interest to linguists at a theoretical level, but it is known that the word isa difficult concept to define. There are several ways of defining a word and theywould be summarized as follows.Several terminologies which linguists put forward to define word include token,type, lemma and word family.Tokens and types are defined basing on the word forms. The number of tokensrefers to the total number of word forms, which means that individual wordsoccurring more than once in the text are counted each time they are used, whereas thenumber of types is the total number of the different word forms, that is to say a wordwhich is repeated many times is counted only once. For instance, in this sentence“where there is a will, there is a way”, there are nine tokens but only six types. Thetype-token ratio is a widely used measure of language development of both languagelearners and native speakers. If a text is counted by a computer, the tokens areemployed as the means for convenience’s sake; if a learner’s vocabulary size is to beassessed, the types would be used as a better way.

Chapter Three A survey of vocabulary level and vocabulary learning strategies..........40-45
    3.1 survey questions......... 41
    3.2 Participants.........41-42
    3.3 instruments .........42-44
        3.3.1 Vocabulary level test ......... 42-44
        3.3.2 Questionnaire.........44
    3.4 survey procedure .........44-45
Chapter Four Survey results and Findings .........45-58
    4.1 Survey results.........46-54
    4.2 Survey findings......... 54-58
        4.2.1 Students’ vocabulary level .........本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。