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食品安全问题研究

摘要

本文回顾了印度2010年的粮食安全形势与前景。紧随其后的是对有助于粮食安全的五个关键因素的评估。然后讨论了在这种背景下的印度粮食政策和方针选择,之后基于三个指标使用经济研究服务 (ERS)食品安全评估模型，对印度当前的状况进行了评估:即现状的差距;营养差距;以及分配差距。这个模型还用于了设计印度在2010年实现粮食安全的前景。文章也使用了测试发现了不同的因素,如土地质量、技术、水的可用性,以及需求模式的改变,这将会影响政府的粮食安全目标进程的步伐。接下来论述了政府的性质和食品政策的范围。同时还讨论了一些关键的改革措施以确保实现政府的长期粮食安全目标。

关键词:TROPAG食品安全 食品政策约束 趋势预测

引言

当谈论到印度的第一次重大发现——(19世纪50年代)农场管理的经济学研究,阿马蒂亚?森(1964)强调了农场规模和生产力之间的相反关系。

The food security situation

ABSTRACT

A review is made of the food security situation and prospects for 2010 in India. This is followed by an evaluation of 5 key factors that contribute to food insecurity. India's food policies and policy options are then discussed in this context, followed by an Assessment of India's current performance in ensuring household food security based on 3 indicators: status quo gap; nutrition gap; and distribution gap using the Economic Research Service (ERS) Food Security Assessment Model. The same model is used to project India's prospects for achieving food security by 2010. An examination is also carried out into how different factors, such as land quality, technology, water availability, and changing demand patterns, would influence the pace of progress in meeting the government's food security goals. The nature and scope of the government's food policies are subsequently described. Some of the key reform measures to ensure achievement of the government's longer-term food security goals are outlined.

KEYWORDS: TROPAG Food security Food policies Constraints Trends Forecasting

INTRODUCTION

Commenting on the key findings of India's first set (1950s) of Studies of the Economics of Farm Management, Amartya Sen (1964) highlighted the inverse relationship between farm size and productivity. Collective farming was deemed inappropriate for India, and the importance of land reforms - on efficiency grounds - was recognized. However, Green-Revolution technologies seemed to change this relationship under some circumstances (Saini, 1971). Nonetheless, this current analysis (of most of the household- level data-sets on costs of farm production for the 1980s and 1990s) suggests that small-holder farmers are perhaps the more-productive. Their vital contribution to India's food and agricultural economy and to its national food security results from the Small-holders' responsiveness to public policies and to national investments in agricultural research and development and in public infrastructure. Thus, the current declines in public investment in these critical public goods raise much concern for future agricultural growth. There are strong and urgent needs for policy interventions to reverse these declining trends of public investment in agriculture and its infrastructures.

During fifty years and more, India made immense progress towards security of food and livelihoods. Since 1950, population almost tripled, but food-grain production more than quadrupled: there was thus substantial increase in available food-grain per caput. India is now among the largest producers of rice, wheat, pulses, fruits, vegetables, and milk. 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。