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摘要：本文是一篇澳洲语言学课程作业。隐喻的研究有着悠久的历史。据说亚里士多德最早使用隐喻的手法在其作品中,自此以后人们开始关注隐喻的现象。隐喻是所有的语言都常用的一种修辞手法,不仅在文学作品中存在，而且在日常对话中也很多。隐喻在某种情形下方便我们更好的沟通,同时留下模糊的认知障碍。一方面,正确使用比喻避免直接说话带来的尴尬。它使人际关系和谐。另一方面,隐喻的本质是谈论其他事情的形式,使用识别和理解隐喻并不容易。在一些极端情况下,隐喻的使用甚至破坏了沟通。因此,我们看到比喻沟通的重要性。作为一种交际行为,翻译应正确处理隐喻。

must then be aimed at in translation. (1981: 204)

Jane’s uncle is an old fox, up to all kinds of evils.

简的叔叔是个老狐狸，什么坏事都干的出来。

Here an old fox is used metaphorically. When talking about fox, most people will think of adjectives like sly, treacherous, cunning and greedy. That is to say, Jane’s uncle is a tricky person and people do not believe in him. The translation is not strange because there are similar image in both language and this makes recipient understand the speaker’s intention. So overt translation is a better choice than covert translation. 简的叔叔老谋深算That translation is a little bit prolix.

Similarly, he is a tiger is another example amplifies the way of overt translation. In Chinese, tiger is called 百兽之王, it is the king of beasts representing a sense of seriousness and majesty. When people say someone is a tiger, they usually want to convey the person is brave, determined and ambitious.

Next let us take some examples from a well-know Chinese classic novel A Dream of Red Mansion:

…此薛蟠即贾府之亲，老爷何不顺水行舟，作个整人情，将此案了结，日后也好见贾王二公的面。[9]

…and this Xue is related to the Jias by marriage. So why not sail with the stream and do them a good turn, settling this case in such a way that you can face them in future? [10]

There 顺水行舟 is used metaphorically, it means making decision depends on the circumstances. This usage also exists in English expression “sail with the stream”. There is no difference in cultural context so it is possible for readers to infer adequately the implicature of metaphor.

Another classic example is “Argument is war”. Though many people regard this sentence as dead metaphor, it indicates there is a mutual concept of argument between two languages. In Chinese, the word “论战” explains the essence of “Argument is war”. Both cultures regard argument as war: argument has outcomes like war. The results of an argument are to win, to lose or to a draw. War has identical results. Besides that, the process is alike: in order to win an argument, one needs to make preparations, offer adequate evidence and tries his best to convince others (someone does this simply by speaking too loud and this makes it sound like a quarrel). If all these efforts fail, he loses in an argument. War is also fierce and sometimes cruel. There is an idiom in Chinese describing the scene of an argument—唇枪舌剑. Guns and swords are weapons used in wars, so it is not hard for Chinese readers to perceive sentence like “Argument is war” and “Life is a journey”.

There are some examples of metaphor translation in the book Fortress Besieged. The author, Qian Zhongshu, is one of the most famous Chinese novelists, whose novel Fortress Besieged is regarded as one of the greatest Chinese novel of 20th century.

无论如何，从此以后，他们俩的交情像热带植物那样飞快地生长。(Kelly and Mao,2003:34)

Be that as it may, from that point on their friendship grew with the speed of a tropical plant. (Ibid.: 33)

The metaphor is between“他们俩的交情” and “本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。