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摘要：本文是一篇澳洲语言学课程作业。隐喻的研究有着悠久的历史。据说亚里士多德最早使用隐喻的手法在其作品中,自此以后人们开始关注隐喻的现象。隐喻是所有的语言都常用的一种修辞手法,不仅在文学作品中存在，而且在日常对话中也很多。隐喻在某种情形下方便我们更好的沟通,同时留下模糊的认知障碍。一方面,正确使用比喻避免直接说话带来的尴尬。它使人际关系和谐。另一方面,隐喻的本质是谈论其他事情的形式,使用识别和理解隐喻并不容易。在一些极端情况下,隐喻的使用甚至破坏了沟通。因此,我们看到比喻沟通的重要性。作为一种交际行为,翻译应正确处理隐喻。

ng an ostensive—inferential and mutually manifest process. Relevance theory explains how ostensive communication is possible and how it may fail.

Context is an important concept in relevance theory. The context of an utterance is “the set of premises used in interpreting [it]” (Sperber and Wilson 1986:15). Hence in relevance theory context does not refer to some part of the external environment of the communication partners.

Relevance theory assumes that–put in very general terms–human beings have a natural interest in improving their understanding of the world around them, this understanding consisting of the assumptions about the world which they have stored in memory. Hence they expect that the effort spent in comprehension will in some way modify the contextual assumptions they brought to the communication act. (Gutt 2000: 28)

Then we move to the definition of relevance. Sperber and Wilson gave an explanation like this:

Relevance

An assumption is relevant in a context if and only if it has some contextual effect in that context. (Sperber and Wilson 1986:122)

This definition captures the intuition that to be relevant in a context, an assumption must connect up with that context in some way. It clarifies this intuition by specifying the nature of the connection required.

The next factor we need to talk about in the relevance theory is the principle of relevance.

Principle of relevance:

Every act of ostensive communication communicates a presumption of its own optimal relevance. (Sperber and Wilson 1986:158)

The principle of relevance is a generalization about ostensive-inferential communication. Communicators and audience need no more know the principle of relevance to communicate than they need to know the principles of genetics to reproduce. Communicators do not ‘follow’ the principle of relevance; and they could not violate it even if they wanted to.

The principle of relevance applies without exception: every act of ostensive communication communicates a presumption of relevance. It is not the general principle, but the fact that a particular presumption of relevance has been communicated by and about a particular act of communication, that the audience uses in inferential comprehension. (Sperber and Wilson 1986:162)

The application of relevance theory entails that translation is being looked at as part of communication. Though relevance theory is not proposed for translation, it is quite helpful to offer some feasible advices for translation.

According to relevance theory, we could regard translation as a kind of communication. Translation is an inferential process. Undoubtedly communication depends on the communicator’s intention and the listener’s expectation. Translation adjusts itself in accordance with intention and expectation. Translators try to find optimal relevance in the original communication then they pass the “relevance” to their recipients, that is to say, translators deliver their own understanding of the original communication to the recipient. I本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。