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n most cases, translation and the source text is equivalent in certain relevant respects. Of course, translation should be close enough to the original text in premise of successful communication. Translation should be consistent with the source text by providing discourse with optimal relevance, and then the two contexts could be verisimilitude.

Optimal relevance is the target translators try to achieve, and it is also standard for translation research. Translators’ responsibility is to coincide the author’s intention with the reader’s expectation. In order to achieve this, translators shoulder a double inferential responsibility. First of all, they must comprehend the author’s intention by reading the words in the text or the so-called communicative clues. This intention is the assumption that the author (or speaker) wants to convey to their recipients by those words. To define these assumptions, translators need to go through an inferential process and only decoding the text is far from enough.

In the cognitive framework assumed by relevance theory, linguistic expressions are dealt with first of all by a component or module of the mind that specializes in processing language data. This component is essentially a coding device which takes as input linguistic formulae and on the basis of their linguistic properties assigns to them mental formulae that ‘mean’ or ‘represent’ something, that is, semantic representations. Thus, more technically, we use the term ‘semantic representations’ here to refer to mental representations that are the output of the language module of the mind. (Gutt 2000: 25)

4.0 Metaphor Translation in Relevance Theory Framework

4.1 Covert Translation

House Juliane put forward her model for translation quality assessment in the book A Model for Translation Quality Assessment 1981. She defined covert translation as “a translation which enjoys or enjoyed the status of an original source text in the target culture” (1981: 194). She called this type of translation “covert” because “it is not marked pragmatically as a translated text of an source text but may, conceivably, have been created in its own right” (1981: 194). Furthermore, covert translations have direct target language addressees, for whom this translated text is as immediately and ‘originally’ relevant as source text is for the source language addressees” (1981: 195).

Covert translation is seen widely in phrases and idioms:

Kiss the rod 负荆请罪

Great weights hang on small wires. 四两拨千斤

Apples of one’s eye 掌上明珠

Afraid of one’s own shadow 杯弓蛇影

As long as hills 天长地久

The classmates don’t invite Mary to their parties because she is a wet blanker.

同学们没邀请玛丽参加聚会，因为她是一个扫兴的人。

Then, let us take several examples form another lines in the poem Pi Pa Xing (《琵琶行》) written by Bai Juyi:

嘈嘈切切错杂弹，大珠小珠落玉盘。

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