中英死亡委婉语对比分析Death Euphemisms Between Chinese and English: A Contrastive Analysis [8]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-09编辑:刘宝玲点击率:34881
论文字数:26000论文编号:org200904091747052664语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:死亡委婉语文化差异Deatheuphemismculturedifference
na are devoted to its cause and career. For example, “殉职” and “捐躯” are used to this values of death. But what cause this? The Florence Kluckhohn’s Five Orientations will answer this question.
According to Florence Kluckhohn’s Five Orientations (Kluckhohn 1991):
1) China has been under the influence of Confucius for thousands years, people are taught man is born with good nature;
2) Chinese people consider the relationship between human and nature in the corporation view that man lives in harmony with nature;
3) China is a past-oriented nation, their glorious of past strongly influence on people from childhood, they can do this because the glorious past is kept alive in history book and customs. China belongs to the being culture, people’s actions express who they are. Therefore, Chinese are conscious of their roles and they behave in manners appropriate to their status or positions in a certain group;
4) Chinese people pay special attention to group values, the individual is materially and emotionally dependent on certain groups, be their families or organizations;
5) China is a collective nation, which is characterizes by a rigid social framework that distinguishes between in groups and out-groups.
While in western nations. According to Florence Kluckhohn’s Five Orientations (Kluckhohn 1991):
1) Western people belief about human nature is that man is basically evil;
2) Western culture reinforced their belief on man’s control over nature, man play a dominant role. As master of nature, man is encouraged to control it and explore it in whatever way man likes;
3) Western nations have no glorious past to adore as China. They are good at projecting themselves into the future, overcoming the limitations of the past and surpassing the accomplishments of the past and doing something new. For them, in the highly competitive world, time is money, there is no time to sit down and recall the past. They just set goals for future and take actions to realize the goals;
4) Western nations belongs to the doing culture. They can consider activities as well as achievements to be important, usually more important than their social status.
Everyone bears in mind the famous sentence “All men are created equal”. The frequently use of first names is one reflection of this idea;
5) Most western nations, social relations are based on the autonomy of each person, which means that each one is treated as an individual first. Self-reliance and independence are important and it is considered weak to be dependent on others.
The differences should also be expressed in the chart of chapter 2 briefly.
Conclusion
This thesis aims at analyzing death euphemism between Chinese and English. This contrastive analysis shows that the death euphemisms in Chinese and English are greatly different. Distinctive cultural patterns, religion difference and the social customs related to death and funerals are also the different reasons why to produce the death euphemisms. When people communicate with members of their own culture, they are able to communicate well without being aware of the cultural rules, but they will also face the misunderstanding without consciousness of those rules because such rules can shape the individual communication. In western society, people take considerable efforts to avoid mentioning death directly which embarrasses them. So more death euphemisms are coming up and popularize. Comparatively speaking, both Christianity and Buddhism h
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