h laughter. However, in this situation, the western people will reply in this way: “thank you”. In their eyes’, in this way, they not only accept other people’s phrase with modesty, but avoid hurting other people’s face.(II) Greeting The customs of greeting are different between Chinese and English. In Chinese, when people meet, they like to say the following words. “Do you have a lunch?” “Where are you going?” These questions are thought to be common. For asking the affairs of other people is an expression of caring them. It accord with the Chinese culture. Therefore, people will ask the questions on age, marriage, career, and so on even when they meet each other for the first time. On contrast, privacy is very important for English people. They often talk about weather when they meet. Age, salary, experience, belief, and so on are all considered as personal affairs. If someone refers to that in the public situation, it is considered as an impolite way. So in communication, English learners must pay attention on it to avoid embarrassment in the communication. [11]P27(III) GoodbyeIn Chinese, when the guest is going to leave, the host likes to say the words such as “Go slowly”, “Walk slowly”, “Take care” and so on. But if the guest is an Englishman or an American, he or she would feel angry. They will think “Why should I go slowly? I am strong enough!”. The usual goodbye words in English is “Bye, drop in again”. And the guest would answer that “Yes, I will. Bye.”, or “Ok, bye”, or “See you”, “So long, I’ll be seeing you” etc. [11]P27-28(IV) Expressing appreciationChinese students always like to use the sentence “It’s my duty to do so” to reply “thank you”. However, in English, “It’s my duty to do so” has a meaning of “having to so something, or to do something unwillingly”. If a person gives his or her hand to other people just because of his or her duty, the beneficiary will feel that it doesn’t matter to express appreciate or not. [11]P28(V) Appellation The appellation between Chinese and English has great difference. It is an area that learners will make mistakes easily. When we call our family members in Chinese, we usually use “二姐”, “三哥”, “四婶”, “林大伯”, and so on. But these words can not be translated into English directly, because they are not fit for the English expressing way. In English, people can call other people’s name directly, no matter that the person is a male or a female. However, they can not call their parents’ name directly. It is impolite. They should call them “Dad”, “Mom”, “Mother”, and so on. In the school, they should greeting to the teacher with “Mr.”, “Mrs.” and “Miss” in front of the teachers’ family names, e.g. Mr. Chen, Mrs. Lin, Miss Zhou. “Morning, teacher” is a wrong way to greet to the teacher.And in Chinese, people like to add “lao” ahead of other people’s names and posts, for example, “lao Li”, “lao Zheng”, “lao Shifu”, “lao tongzhi”, etc. They use “old” to express the honor to those people. But in English, “old” means “dote, useless”. The western people avoid using this word, or using it in a direct way. For them, being called as “old Mr. Green” or “old Mr. President” is a hurt to their heart. Using “senior citizen” to call the old people is also an expression of avoiding the word. [11]P28There are still many other transfers in pragmatics, all of which can not be shown here. But it is clear that the different culture between two countries is the reason that causes transfers. In a word, no matter the tr
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