论中西方鬼文化的差异:A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE GHOST CULTEURE IN CHINESE AND WESTERN CULTURES [8]
论文作者:英语论文论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2014-08-05编辑:yangcheng点击率:27281
论文字数:5211论文编号:org201408011121519263语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
关键词:鬼文化文化差异价值观观念差异跨文化交际
摘要:本文首先介绍了鬼文化的定义及价值。鬼文化是人类活动的产物,也是人类社会文化的重要组成部分。其次介绍了中西方人对鬼的认知,展现中西方人的鬼文化观念差异。文学和民俗是文化诠释人类世界的手段。因此,本文在文化层面上从文学和民俗角度浅析中西鬼文化存在的差异;并在此基础上分析总结出中西鬼文化差异的原因。通过浅析中西鬼文化,了解中西方人价值观的差异,从而促进跨文化交际。
ents of nature is an indispensable thing in western funeral. It is said that water can wash the evil away. On the funeral, people will spill the water to the deceased person to wash his evil away. The light is also very important in the funeral, it should be put together with the deceased person so that he can access to the paradise together with the light. Before putting the deceased person to grave, they will have the clergyman to pray for the decedent. Usually, western funeral process is simple and the funeral tends to be solemn and serene.
Although having entertainment factors, folk stories can reflect national ideology. And the ghosts in folk legends mirror, in a large scale, common people’s view about the world. It is a rich cultural heritages, producing a great influence on the later generations.
5.2. Chinese and western ghost festivals
Chinese and western ghost festivals have close relationships with religion. They represent people’s some powerless to the real life, resulting to a common pursuit beyond the spirit of religion.China's Hungry Ghost Festival combined Buddhism, Confucianism Taoism thoughts in a unit. In this day, Taoism celebrates Zhong Yuan Festival and Buddhism Yu Lanpen Festival. Western’s ghost festival is usually called Halloween, from the midnight on October 31 to November 1. Halloween comes from the Catholic church, hence, Halloween has close correction with Catholic. Chinese and western ghost festivals have different celebrations. Chinese ghost festivals attach importance on ethical and human relations, on contrary, western countries pay attention to personal freedom. Long long time ago, it has a legend inChina. On July 30, people should shut the gate of hell as hell grave would take in the evil spirits on this day; from the first day of July, people will owe their folk ancestors for each meal; Ghost festival has similar form with Tomb-sweeping day. First, in the home or temple, catering to offer a worship to ancestors; then sweeping tomb with new grain and fresh fruits and awe the ghost along the street to pray for peace. Apart from those, some places retain rich and colorful activities such as Manchu’s putting boat and boat race, jumping sky lanterns in Guangxi, releasing lotus lamp inBeijing. In a word, Chinese people attaches ghost festival great importance to the traditional day to warship our ancestors. But the western Halloween customs had became today's cultural game. Most westerners regard Halloween as a good opportunity to frolic thoroughly, tell about ghost stories and scare each other. On that day, children celebrate with the slogan of “trick or treating” and the symbol of pumpkin patches. Both adults and children will try their best to make some troubles on that day. Halloween is also called the Eve of All Saints’ Day. It is said that ghosts will come to the earth on that day. So people will dress costumes and wear masks to ward off harmful spirits. Their aim is to disguise themselves as harmful spirits and thus avoid harm.
6.conclusion
Ghost culture is a culture that produced by human thoughts. People’s views toward the world are truly presented in the culture. Its manifestation in literary works and folk customs brought human society a large number of cultural treasures. Today, ghost researches gradually tend to become some kind of science discoveries in western countries. The western academ
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