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ments that among different translation methods, “only semantic translation and communicative translation meets the main needs of translation, which are first, accuracy, and second, economy” (2001:47). He maintains that “semantic translation attempts to render, as closely as the semantic and syntactic structures of the second language allow, the exact contextual meaning of the original” (Newmark, 1981:39). Semantic translation focuses on the original form, including the semantic structure of the source text. The structure and expression in the source text cannot be easily changed and are supposed to be preserved as much as possible in the target text in semantic translation. Besides, semantic translation attached great emphasis on literal translation. While “Communicative translation attempts to produce on its readers an effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original” (Newmark, 1981:39). At the same time, communicative translation regards the form of words and sentences in the source text as a part of factors that translators should consider. Communicative translation stresses a little bit more towards domestication, free translation and idiomaticity, and emphasizes the information transmission and the due effort of the source text, which can be summarized as “translate in accordance with actual circumstances” or “tailor-made” (Newmark, 1981:12). 

Chapter 3 Task Progress .......................6

3.1 Pre-task Preparation ............................... 6

3.2 Translation Process ................................... 7

Chapter 4 Case Analysis ..........................12

4.1 Application of Communicative Translation ............................. 12

4.1.1 Free Translation ........................... 12

4.1.2 Annotation ................................. 16

Chapter 5 Conclusion ..............................31

5.1 Major Findings ................................ 31

5.2 Limitations and Suggestions ........................................ 32

Chapter 4 Case Analysis

4.1 Application of Communicative Translation

In communicative translation, translators are able to interpret the source text, alter the style and remove ambiguity (Lin, 1987:49). Hatim and Mason (2001) demonstrate that communicative translation highlights the use of multifarious translation methods to accomplish the purpose of communication. Accordingly, six translation techniques or methods are used so as to make sure the popularity and fluency of the target language. The following are the analyses of some cases under the guidance of communicative translation, including the translation of words and sentences.

4.1.1 Free Translation

According to the meaning of the original text, free translation refers to reproducing the general meaning of the original text, without paying too much attention to details. Free translation is similar to communicative translation, since it stresses that only the content of the original text, not the original form, is pursued, which is contrary to word-for-word translation entirely. 

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