英语论文网

Culture and Nature. Interaction between culture and nature - is one of the problems of cultural studies. Marcus Porcius Cato the Elder introduced the concept of culture, defining it as the cultivation, improvement, respect, relating it to cultivation. In this sense culture is presented as collaboration between a person and nature, aimed at mutual benefit. With this partnership a person takes on the nature of its material components, draws plans, studies, in response to enriching the creative nature of their work, inspiring it. Action is aimed at the destruction of nature, which cannot do much harm to mankind and living in it. Such action may not be the result of higher conscious activity, which is a manifestation of culture. Modern, not a rare opposition between nature and culture is possible under the assumption of thinking about individual human existence on the nature and identification of culture and urban life and civilization. It is not hard to find examples of manifestations related to urban life that cannot be attributed to culture and even become an example of the decline of culture and its absence. Similar views can be found in Herder, Berdyaev, Nicholas Roerich. It is also not hard to see that the removal of a person from the principles of reasonable co-operation with nature, it generates leads to a decline in the accumulated cultural heritage, and after, and the decline of civilized life itself. An example may serve as the decline of many developed nations of the ancient world and numerous manifestations of the crisis of culture in the life of modern cities. Finnish culture has absorbed the legacy of those pagan times, when the revered 'nature spirits' and 'Strength of Earth' and emerged later in Christian customs and holidays. Due to its geographical location and historical features, the culture was subjected to the influence of neighboring Finland, the Baltic, Germanic and Slavic peoples. Great influence on it has also had the fact, that Finland was part of the first Sweden and then Russia. Since the second half of the XX century in Finland there was a noticeable influence of American culture, and cultures of other countries and peoples. This is associated with development of communication and the development of tourism, and the fact that a significant number of young people learn or are trained in other countries and young people from other countries study in Finland. Finnish culture includes smaller national groups - the Sami, Finnish Swedish, Finnish, Tatars and others - who retain their own traditions and customs. Cultures of Finland has always had a significant impact in Sweden, while the long stay in a part of Russia, is now weakly reflected in its development. After gaining independence in 1917, Finns focused on the ethnic identity of their cultural heritage. Today's Finns enjoy great respect purely national values and traditions.

At the root of the Finnish culture, including literature, music and folklore, there is a national epic Kalevala. His influence can be traced in many works of well-known Finnish writer Aleksis Kivi, and F.E. Sillanpaa, and even in the music of Jean Sibelius.

沪ICP备10026080号-1