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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:学术文章 Scholarship Essay登出时间:2014-11-26编辑:Cinderella点击率:8415
论文字数:4542论文编号:org201411252152102379语种:英语 English地区:芬兰价格:免费论文
关键词:culturehuman activityFinland文化论文符号学
摘要:文化是人类活动的模式以及给予这些模式重要性的符号化结构。不同的人对“文化”有不同的定义。随着新的规范,新趋势和文化的新方面被认同接受,随着人们的兴趣变化和偏好差异性增大,当今的区域性事物正在影响着文化的共同特征。本文以芬兰文化为例,对文化进行了深入探讨。
Among the prominent figures of the world culture there are many Finns. But the most prominent figure of Finnish culture, of course, is Tove Jansson - known as a Finnish writer, artist and illustrator. He is known worldwide for children's books about the Moomin. Born into a creative family of Finnish Swedes, who lived in Helsinki, his works Tove wrote in Swedish. Jansson acquired artistic skills in schools in Stockholm and Paris. Children's book writer, tracing the similarities with tales of the Andersen and the works of Astrid Lindgren, they are now translated into more than three dozen foreign languages, among them is Russian. Her stories and novels for adults in Russia are known a little bit worse. At home Tove Jansson won numerous prizes and awards: Medals of Selma Lagerlöf, three times - the Finnish State Prize for Literature, the Gold Medal of Hans Christian Anderson - Award Suomi, the Swedish Academy of Sciences Award, the Polish Order of the Smile. Four times her name was entered in the list of honorary Hans Christian Andersen.
In the field of literature the distinguished master of the historical novel of Zakarias Topelius, is Nobel laureate Frans Emil Sillanpaa - author of novels about rural life, and Pentti Haanpyaya, writer. In the genre of historical novel by Mika Waltari was known as the author of the acclaimed novel 'The Egyptian'. Among the most popular Finnish playwrights Maria Jotun, Hella Wuolijoki and Ilmari Turja, and among the poets - Eino Leino, Koskenniemi, Katri Vala and Paavo Haavikko. Visual Arts in Finland since the XIX century developed with the support of the leading European schools of Paris, Dusseldorf, St. Petersburg. In 1846 was founded by the Finnish Art Society. In the field of fine arts in Finland left a significant mark B. Holmberg, laid the foundation of the national landscape painting, artists Ya Munsterhjelm, B. Lindholm and B. Vesterholm, A. von Becker, C. Janson, whose canvases are designed in the tradition of late modernism. Von Wright brothers created the romantic rural landscapes. The end of XIX century is considered the 'golden age' of Finnish art and creativity is marked by such masters as Albert Edelfelt, Eero Jarnefelt and Pekka Halonen. The largest representative of national romanticism in painting was Akseli Gallen-Kallela, who wrote on subjects of the Finnish epic and folklore. Original talent Juho Rissanen described scenes of national life. The grand portrait was A. Faven. Known in the art world and also the names of women artists, is also Helena Maria. Sculpture as a genre of art in Finland began to develop only in the middle of the XIX century. The most talented were Johannes Takanen, Robert Stiegel, Emil Wikström, Alpaugh Saylor, Yrjö Liipola and Gunnar Finne.
The concept of Finnish music is identified in the global culture with the work of Jean Sibelius. However, other Finnish composers have been quite successful: Selim Palmgren, Yrjö Kilpin (composer and songwriter), Armas Jarnefelt (writer of romances, choral and symphonic music) and Uuno Clum. Oskar Merikanto is famous as the author of the opera 'The Maid of the North'.
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