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留学生国际贸易相关report [6]

论文作者:英语论文论文属性:报告 Report登出时间:2014-09-23编辑:zcm84984点击率:14085

论文字数:3435论文编号:org201409201249351367语种:英语 English地区:马来西亚价格:免费论文

关键词:关贸总协定整体化协议印度公司非关税壁垒

摘要:这篇留学生法律论文主要分析印度公司在美国所面临的问题,这份报告的目的是为了强调印度对美国出口时面临的不同问题和非关税壁垒。报告还建议利益相关方应该采取一定的措施。


60% U.S. content and that final assembly occur in the United States.

Buy American Act, which applies to all US federal government agency purchases, requires that all goods for public use must be produced in the US and manufactured in the US from US materials (for manufactured goods). It does not apply to services. Grant programs and state procurement are not covered by NAFTA or the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement.

Many states and municipalities include similar geographic production requirements in their procurements.

2. e. (viii) The Problems Within

Even before Indian exporters worry about facing NTBs in the US, they are faced by several challenges in terms of poor infrastructure, delays and red tape.

Table 3: DB 2009 – Trading Across Borders

Indicator

India

OECD

Documents for export (number)

8

4.5

Time for export (days)

17

10.7

Cost to export (US$ per container)

945

1,069.1

Documents for import (number)

9

5.1

Time for import (days)

20

11.4

Cost to import (US$ per container)

960

1,132.7

The World Bank estimates that container delays at Indian ports cost about $70 million a year. According to UNESCAP, cargo ships from Indian ships are not cost efficient, incurring high detention costs of approximately $15000–20000 per day.

3. Other Issues

The Department of Commerce maintains a ‘dynamic’ database for the NTBs and NTMs faced by Indian exporters in different countries

3. a. Non-Tariff Measures

Table 4: Major NTMs maintained by US against Indian Exports

Item

Details of NTM

Marine products

Increased inspections under the Bio-Terrorism Act

Customs Bond requirement

Mandatory labeling discriminating “farm raised” and “wild” with punitive fines and non-recognition of EIC certification.

Paper products

Non scientific quarantine restrictions

Customs surcharges

Eco labeling stipulations and food safety/ health standards exist on paper products exports.

Tobacco

A Tariff Rate Quota regime restricts imports.

Food products

Detailed labeling requirements are stipulated with extensive product and content description.

3.b. Non-Tariff Barriers

Table 5: Major NTBs maintained by US against Indian Exports

Commodity

Type

Details

Fish

Anti Dumping

Customs bond requirements

Regulations

Increased inspections under the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism and Response Act of 2002 (Bioterrorism Act)

Labeling

Mandatory labeling of country of origin / whether 'farm raised“ or 'wild“ for fresh fish and shellfish under the Country of Origin Labeling Program and Public Law 107-171. Punitive fines of $10000 per violation

Certification

US has not agreed to recognition of EIC certificati论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。
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