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ociety. In 1969, the novel attracted the attention of literary critics immediately after its publication. Many critics pointed out that it was a feminist protest work. Although Atwood pointed out in the preface written for the book in 1979 that the feminist movement had not yet risen when she wrote the book, the content of the novel did reflect the reality of western society. Foreign scholars mainly study The Edible Woman from alienation, identity search, comparative literature and feminism. 

In 2021, American scholar Roles Cailin Flannery published a paper entitled The Surface on Which You Work: Self-Alienation and the Culture of Narcissism in The Edible Woman. (Roles,2021:3) The article emphasizes that Marian, the heroine of The Edible Woman, as a young single professional woman living in Toronto in the 1960s, where consumption is a way of life. By reading through the material reality of commodities and feeling deeply, Marian believed that she was also a commodity as a woman, but Marian did not want to be consumed as a commodity. Marian who recognized the reality finally regained control of her fate. 

Chapter 2 Theoretical Foundation

2.1 Introduction to Anxiety

Anxiety is an emotional response, which has different definitions at different stages. It is also a psychological term, belonging to a kind of nervous disease. This chapter will mainly introduce the origin and development of anxiety as well as Rollo May's anxiety theory.

2.1.1 Origin of Anxiety 

The word anxiety originated from the German word angst. In Latin, anxiety is expressed as angh, which means narrow.(Yu,2019:03) Both Kierkegaard and Freud, the two founders of anxiety research, used angst to express anxiety. 

Throughout the western academic history, the Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard, who wrote a book mainly about anxiety, entitled The Concept of Fear, was the first to study anxiety in depth and formally. In his view, anxiety, as a kind of psychology in the face of choice, is related to a series of development processes of self-consciousness. (Jiao,2002:02) In Kierkegaard 's eyes, the forgetting and obliteration of survival is the root of anxiety. He believed that the 19th century, which was entering industrialization, was an era of inflexibility, superficiality, vulgarity and lack of passion. Technological rationality and speculative philosophy controlled all aspects of people's life. While making our life increasingly simple, it also led to the increasingly leveling of the whole era. The direct consequence of this leveling was to obliterate the survival of people as individuals and submerge individuals in generations. On the surface, leveling has brought about equality between people, but this kind of equality is only a mathematical equality, and individuals are only regarded as the common denominator. Under his philosophy of existence, Christianity is not a dogmatic system, nor a certain truth system, but should always provide people with a way of life to choose and inhabit. From the standpoint of Christianity, he explored anxiety around the original sin consciousness. Kierkegaard believed that history began after Adam's fall. It was wrong to regard Adam as the initiator outside history. He believed that 'at any time, individuals are both themselves and clans.' (Soren,1980:14) No one exists outside history. He believed that human depra本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。