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ential theories include Greenblatt's “cultural poetics”, Montrose‟s “the historicity of text and the textuality of history” and White‟s “meta-historical” framework. Although these new historicist theorists do not all think in the same way or have different critical approaches, their theories all embody, to a greater or lesser extent, a new understanding of history and the relationship between history and literature. This section focuses on the two major representatives-Montrose and Greenblatt in New Historicism and their main ideas.

1.2.1 Louis Montrose’s the Historicity of Texts and the Textuality of History 

As one of the early cadres of the New Historicism, Louis Montrose was a very active American literary theorist and scholar, with achievements in Elizabethan writing, literary studies, and cultural history studies. Influenced by anthropologists and social historians, Montrose attached great importance to the historicist perspective in the early days of literary creation, emphasizing the strong link between literature and the world, and“selected a loose Marxist and anthropological perspective, and combined the literary texts of Sidney, Spencer and Shakespeare with the phenomena in society of the late 16th and early 17th centuries” (White 96). Montrose is also concerned with Renaissance studies, but in comparison with Greenblatt, he attaches more importance to the “Historicism approach” and shows a self-reflexive process of transition from the early “Old historicism” to the later “New historicism” in his critical practice.

Chapter Two The Historicity of Texts in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao

2.1The History Reflected in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao

The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, as a novel about a special period in Dominican history, assumes a certain responsibility to reflect, record, and interpret history. “If the events are not understandable without that history, which does not mean that the historical understanding furnishes a moral justification for the events themselves. Only then do we reach the disposition to get to the “root” of violence, and begin to offer another vision of the future than that which permeates violence in the name of denying it” (Butler 2004). The novel presents the social reality of suffering in Latin America from multiple angles and levels. Díaz sharply criticizes and exposes the brutal Trujillo political dictatorship, the control and plunder of colonialism, and the history of forced exodus of Dominican ethnic groups in order to survive. He hoped that by recreating the bloody dictatorship and the social reality of human suffering in Dominican history, the past would serve the present and provide people with a way to understand reality.

2.1.1 The Aggression and Plunder of Colonial Powers

The Dominican Republic (Spanish: República Dominicana), short for Dominican Republic, is a country whose name means “Sunday, rest day” and is said to have originated from the arrival of Columbus on a Sunday in the late 15th century. Located in the eastern part of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, it covers a total area of 48,734 square kilometers and is a country that has long been under military occupation and colonial rule by several countries. 

2.2 The History Shaped the Writing of Díaz

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