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measures for preservation of the maritime claim, it shall be executed forthwith; where the conditions for the preservation of the maritime claim are notme,t it shall make an order to rejectthe application.
文中两个“it”均指称前面提到的the maritime court以免重复,但是preservation of the maritime claim(海事请求保全)却重复了两遍而不用代词it来代替以避免歧义。
例2:第8条　海事纠纷的当事人都是外国人、无国籍人、外国企业或者组织,当事人书面协议选择中华人民共和国海事法院管辖的,即使与纠纷有实际联系的地点不在中华人民共和国领域内,中华人民共和国海事法院对该纠纷也具有管辖权。
Article 8Where all the parties to a maritime dispute are aliens, stateless persons, foreign enterprises or organizations and have agreed in writing to be subject to the jurisdiction of a maritime court of the People 's Republic of China, notwithstanding that the place that is actually related to the dispute is not within the territory of the People 's Republic of China, the said maritime court of the Peoples' Republic of China shall have jurisdiction of the dispute.
海事法律条文中还常用the said(上述的,该……的)来注明某一名词上文中已经提及,这里the said的含义相当于this或the.但是在海事法律英语中the said是指示词(demonstrative),而且是古词,体现海事法律英语的庄严性,提高语体的正式程度又避免重复。另外,该例中the People s' Republic of China重复了三次,为了避免歧义,该条例的英语专家们宁愿不厌其烦地多次重复,来达到立法者在遣词造句上的严谨、细心和经得起推敲。这也是海事法律英语严谨、周密所决定的。

 

2. 4　情态动词shall的使用
情态动词shall在海事法律英语中主要用来表示当事人必须承担的责任和义务,带有指令性和强制性,同时也体现法律文件的权威性和约束性。“shall”通常译为“应、应当”,而shall的否定式shall not常常译为“不得”。
例1:The Seller shall not be held liable for the delay in shipment or non-delivery of the goods under the Contract in consequence of Force Majeure,which mightoccur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The Seller shall inform the buyer promptly of the occurrence mentioned above and within fourteen days thereafter, the Seller shall send by airmail to the buyer for their acceptance a certificate of the accident issued by the Competent Government Authorities where the accident occur as evidence thereof.
In such circumstances, the Seller, however, is still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods. In case the accident lasts for more than ten weeks, the buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract.
本合同所述的全部商品,在制造和装运过程中,如因人力不可抗拒的原因,拖延装运或不能交货,则卖方概不负责。卖方应将上述事故立即通知买方,且在其后的14天内航空邮寄一份由出事地主管政府当本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。