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as the ground rules under which he or she behaves. Citizens are expected to obey the law because the law is society’s codification of acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Pursuing personal freedom in all domains of life, while fulfilling the obligations of social contract within the framework of law between a person and the society, is a fundamental precept of social responsibility. As to reality, this minimal requirement often times is incapable of refraining people from criminal acts and becomes the root of social uncertainties.
For an ethical citizen, social responsibility begins where the law ends. Unlike legal obligations of enforced code of behavior by the law, social responsibility encourages, from the ethical and philanthropic dimension, beneficent participation if society at large, be it a government, corporation, organization or individual. It goes one step further beyond the requirements of the law. For them, social responsibility means to stay up to certain norms and values they hold for a higher standard of ethical philosophy. They assume more ethical and moral roles to do what is right, just and fair, to make up the flaws and loopholes in the law. Morally respectable is what ethical responsibility holds up. But moral values do not bring any physical changes to the world by mere belief; actual actions are needed.
As for a philanthropic citizen, he or she is actively dedicated to the cause of promoting human welfare. The feature distinguishes philanthropic from ethical responsibilities is that the former are not expected in a moral or ethical sense. Which is to say, even though society has expectation from its members to contribute their money, resources and time, its members would not be regarded as unethical if a citizen does not voluntary on charitable events or does not live up to a socially desired level. Examples of philanthropic acts include contributions of resources or time to humanitarian programs or such purposes alike. Social responsibility in the form of community associations as bridging the family and the state is critical, but formal organizational memberships and contributions to these organizations are not the only measures of civic engagement. From the global scale, numerous problems threaten to unfold its consequences in its own right, each of which deserves effective responses from anyone concerned.
The pyramid structure of social responsibility clarifies the three components of the concept. The legal obligations lay down the ground norms that undergirds all else. To be ethical, one is expected to what is right, just and fair, avoiding harm or immoral acts to others. For those with deep conscience of the human welfare, they voluntarily assume philanthropic responsibility to contribute in order to make a difference. Therefore, beside fulfilling legal obligations, commitment to ethical and philanthopic responsibilities are critically important.

Works Cited

Carroll, Archie.B. The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: Toward the Moral Management of Organizational Stakeholders. From Business Horizons, July/August 1991, p.39-48.

Davis, Keith. The Case for and Against Business Assumption of Social Responsibilities. From Academy of Management Journal, 2001, Volume 16, Number 2.

Moir, Lance. What Do We Mean by Corporate Social Responsibility? From Corporate Governance, 2001, Volume 1, Issue 2, Page 16-22.

Friedman, Milton. The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits. From 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。