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字母和字母组合多义性理论研究
在语言的任意性和理据性问题上，此研究也揭示了语言比人们通常认为的要更非任意性这一事实。字母和字母组合的意义相关性研究可以为预知一个符号的下一个意义提供了大致思索方向，为一词多义研究提供了一点线索，让我们看到人类思维发展过程的一方面。在实践中，本文的研究结果还可以帮助语言学习者明白一个词法符号的多个含义的内在关系，加深他们对词法符号的了解。
Introduction
1.Subject of the Research
Modern linguistics holds that morphemes are the smallest semantic units.But some scholars both home and abroad think that letters,as the basic elements of words,have their meanings,at least at their initial stage.For example,Phoenicians used letters to do business.This fact is generally accepted and used to support the argument that letters have their meanings.Not only letters,the combinations of letters also have their meanings.Most scholars do agree that letters have their original meanings,but some hold that letters have already lost their original meanings.
Believing that letters and the combinations of letters still keep their original meanings,this thesis tries to study the polysemous features of letters and monograms by cognitive means of metaphor and metonymy.Then,what is monogram?The traditional definition of monogram is the writing emblem or code sign consisting of two or more letters,usually stands for a name or part of a subject.In this thesis,it mainly refers to two letters combined to express a definite meaning or several meanings.It is a little different from diagraph,which also consists of two letters,but usually have a single sound such as:“ea”in“meat”and“th” in“path”.The term“monogram”we use in this thesis mainly refers to the two letters that stand at the first and second position in a word,or initiate a word.It may have one sound or two sounds.It has its own semantic meanings.Generally,the meanings it carries have close connection with the original meanings of the single letters from its component,more often,the combination of the separate letter meanings.For example, in the monogram“sn”,“s”stand for“tooth”in Hebrew language,“n”is the imitation of nasal sound,so the combination of these two letters dominates several dozens of words dealing with the actions and functions of our noses.Another example is the monogram “br”,in which“b”stands for“two”,and“r”stands for“head”.When put together,the combined meaning is“two heads”,this gives hints and enlightment to such words as “brace, branch, bracelet, brachiate, branks,brass,brawn,braza,breast,brogan,brogue, brood,brig,break,brick etc..”
All of them have some connections with“two heads”.It should be pointed out that some of these monograms are well accepted as mature prefixes,having definite and fixed meanings,and others are still on their ways of evolution,waiting to be accepted.This statement of ours can be tested and proved with “pr”and“fr”,we can say“pr”is both a monogram or a prefix,because“pr”itself has the meaning of“early,before,in front of,first”etc.,but when we add a vowel after it,it become a prefix,for example,pra-,pre-;pri-;pro-are nowadays widely accepted as mature prefixes,but“fr”is not.For the transliteration of‘P’and‘F’,“fr”has the same meaning as“pr”,but it does not appear in the form of prefixes,we can see the meaning “early,before,in front of,first”in“fore,before,forecast,foretell,foresee,forefather, foremother,forerunner,foreman,first,front,far,further,farther forest,foreign,forum, from”etc..All the listed words contain the basic element“fr”,and all have almost the same meanings. In this thesis,we mainly focus on those to be accepted for the convenience of exposition.We shall also mention some of the nature ones本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。