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(1)“Formulate”的错误使用第一条　根据《中华人民共和国商标法》(以下简称《商标法》),制定本条例。(来源:《实施条例》)Article 1　These Regulations are formulated in ac-cordance with the Trademark Law of the People's Republicof China (hereinafter referred to as the Trademark Law).“制定”译为formulate不十分准确。根据《牛津现代高级英文辞典》定义,formulate意为express clearly and ex-actly,即明确表达,比如formulate one’s thoughts / a doc-trine(明确表达思想或宗旨)。法律英语中表示“制定法律”,应用动词enact。按上述辞典定义,enact意为make (alaw)decree, ordain即制定(法律),颁令,规定。比如,“制定法律”应译为enact a law,“制定条文”是enact clauses。为顾及习惯用法并按照英文法律文件的语言特点,采用同义词连用,此句可改为:These Regulations are formulated and enacted in ac-cordance with the Trademark Law of the People's Republicof China (hereinafter referred to as the Trademark Law).

(2)“Request”的错误使用第十八条　……需要补正的,商标局通知申请人予以补正,限其自收到通知之日起30日内,按照指定内容补正并交回商标局。在规定期限内补正并交回商标局的,保留申请日期;期满未补正的,视为放弃申请,商标局应当书面通知申请人。(来源:《实施条例》)

Article 18　…there is a need for supplements or a-mendments, the Trademark Office shall notify the applicantto make the supplements, requesting it to make supple-ments or amendments to the specified parts and deliverthem back to the Trademark Office…

英语中表示“要求”这个词大致有3个,即ask, re-quest, require。ask为泛指,request和require为特指。re-quest表示make a request,所以request (sb to do sth)是“请求(某人做某事)”,是下对上的要求;而require表示or-der, demand,是“命令,要求”之意,指上对下的要求,比如法律条款对当事人的要求,业主对雇员的要求。上面例句中商标局对申请人的要求,当然是require;译文使用re-quest不准确,应该改为require

2.“shall”的错误使用在普通英语中shall是典型的表示未来的情态动词。在法律英语中shall与普通英语完全不同的含义,并不表示将来,它表示某种命令或法律义务。陈忠诚指出“本法(条例、规定…)自X年X月X日起施行”这样的条款只是平铺直叙地规定一部法律法规从何时起施行,“而不是命令或禁止性的规范”,所以句子谓语不应用“shall”与原形动词构成。(陈忠诚,1992)第三十七条　注册商标的有效期为十年,自核准注册之日起计算。(来源:《商标法》)

Article 37　The period of validity of a registeredtrademark shall be ten years, counted from the date theregistration is approved.建议改为:Article 37 The period of validity of a regis-tered trademark is ten years, counted from the date the reg-istration is approved.第六十四条　本法自1983年3月1日起施行。(来源:《商标法》)Article 64　This Law shall go into force as of Marchl, l983.建议修改为:This Law goes into force as of March l,l983.

(二)句法层面上的错误

1.连词使用不当第二十八条　申请注册的商标,凡不符合本法有关规定或者同他人在同一种商品或者类似商品上已经注册的或者初步审定的商标相同或者近似的。(来源:《商标法》)

Article 28　Where a trademark, for the registration ofwhich an application is made, that does not conform to therelevant provisions of this Law or that is identical with orsimilar to the trademark already registered by another per-son or is given preliminary examination and approval for useon the same kind of goods or similar goods…

在例28中,“that”是多余的,因为在where引导的从句中,“a trademark”是主语,“does not conform to”是谓语。建议把“that”去掉。

2.主语和表语不一致。第十三条……商标为外文或者包含外文的,应当说明含义。(来源:《实施条例》)Article 13　…Where a trademark is, or consists of,foreign words, their Chinese meanings shall be indicated.在例13中,连词“or”表达一种选择关系,因此where引导的从句可以改为“Where a trademark is foreign words”or“Where a trademark consists of foreign words”。显然,“Where a trademark is foreign words”是一个错误的从句,因为主语“a trademark”与表语“foreign words”不一致。建议修改为:Where a trademark is written in, or con-sists of, foreign words, their Chinese meanings shall be in-d本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。