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论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:案例分析 Case Study登出时间:2011-01-04编辑:anterran点击率:2441
论文字数:2066论文编号:org201101041317236551语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:surgerysocialintellectualtechnological developmentsventure
What kind of social, intellectual, and technological developments
allowed surgeons to venture routinely into the abdomen in the
nineteenth century?
Introduction
The word "留学生论文网surgery"is from the Greek word "cheirergon". "cheir" means "hands", "ergon" means "work",(1) so it explain that surgery is a domain with hand operation as the character. Surgery is a branch of Medical science that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate and/or to treat a pathological condition, such as disease or injury, to help improve bodily function or appearance. (2) Disease history is as old as human history, the surgical treatment of disease is ancient as well. The development of modern surgery started at the end of 15th century and 16th century when capitalism had started. After the period of Europe Renaissance, medicine particularly surgery was the same as other science and art, entered to a new development period, it has affected enormously by the industrial revolution. As a result, surgeons ventured into the abdomen in nineteenth century by social, intellectual and technological developments.
Social development
Intellectual development
Conclusion
References
(1) https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/themes/hospitals/clinic.aspx
(2) https://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5603
(3) material from lecture notes 17
(4) material from lecture notes 18
(5) Richard Albert Lewis, Edwin Chadwick and the public health movement 1832-1854
(6) material from lecture notes 22
(7) material from lecture notes 20
(8) material from lecture notes 19
(9) Elizabeth Haigh, Xavier Bichat and the Medical Theory of the Eighteeth Century
(10) Russell C. Maulitz, Morbid Appearances: The Anatomy of Pathology in the Early Nineteenth Century
(11) Scherer, John R., "Before cardiac MRI: Rene Laennec (1781–1826) and the invention of the stethoscope". Cardiology Journal
(12) Kruta, V. The idea of the primary unity of elements in the microscopic structure of animals and plants. J. E. Purkynĕ and Th. Schwann
(13) https://www.zephyrus.co.uk/louispasteur.html
(14) material from lecture notes 21
(15) material from lecture notes 24
(16)https://allaboutanaesthesia.com.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66&Itemid=72
(17) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Semmelweis
(18) Christopher Lawrence and Richard Dixey, Practising on Principle: Joseph 代写留学生论文Lister andthe Germ Theories of Disease
(19) https://emuch.net/html/200609/310731.html
(20) material from lecture notes 25
Words count: 1883
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