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2.1 The Introduction of Phonics

2.1.1 The definition of phonics

The word “phonics” comes from the Greek root “phon”, which means “sound”.In ancient Greece, written language was learned according to the pronunciation ofwords. Around 1690, the importance of spelling speech was emphasized in the NewEngland Colony in the northeastern part of the American continent, where studentspracticed letter pronunciation first in rhythmic verses, followed by syllables of speechcombinations, in order to read and understand the full text. In the 19th and 1970s,“phonics” was used as a synonym for phonetics, and the Oxford English Dictionaryrecords its use as a teaching term dating back to 1901. As a type of alphabetic text,English has certain rules for spelling between the pronunciation of letters and letters.phonics instruction teaches students the rules for decoding the series of letters andpronunciations needed for word meaning by training students in Phonemic. Whenstudents are familiar with the rules, they can guess the spelling of the words based ondiscrete pronunciation. So that the students gradually can read the word when theysee it and write it when they hear the pronunciation of the word, thereby improvingstudents’ blending and reading ability.

The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English(P814) defines phonics as away of teaching reading through understanding the pronunciation of letters andgroups of letters. He thinks that phonics could teach students to learn the soundsrepresented by letters, and to spell new words according to each sound. It isrecognized that English belongs to the Indo-European language family, its wordspelling and pronunciation is closely related. In 1971, Harvard University published astudy result showed that about 84% of the 17,000 common words in English had acorrespondence between spelling and pronunciation, and that 75% of the 2,000 wordsused at high frequencies were spelled in accordance with pronunciation laws.

2.2 The Introduction of International Phonetic Alphabet

The first edition of the International Phonetic Alphabet was published in August1888, and a set of symbol systems developed by The International PhoneticAssociation to mark the sounds that humans can send out. In this symbol system,each unique voice has a different letter symbol corresponding, and the same lettersymbol appears from any language to represent the same pronunciation, the symbolused to mark the English sound system is called the English International PhoneticAlphabet. Since the 1950s, China has followed the practice of the former SovietUnion and gradually used this method of annotation in various English teachingmaterials throughout the country, so the English international phonetic standard hasbeen used in our country to this day.

The phonetic marker is a symbol system developed by phoneticians to record thevoice of people all over the world, and its purpose is mainly to accurately annotatedthe pronunciation of words, which is convenient for language research. In fact, incountries where English is the first language, only language researchers delve intophonetic signs. IPA contains 48 phonemes, including 20 vowels and 28 consonantsand vowels can be divided into monophthong and diphthong. And IPA was designedbased on single principle, that is to sa本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。