《小妇人》和美国的价值观-"Little women" and American values [2]
论文作者:英语论文网论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2014-07-25编辑:yangcheng点击率:14405
论文字数:5715论文编号:org201407251059051940语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:免费论文
关键词:《小妇人》美国价值观
摘要:《小妇人》是美国19世纪最具影响力的女性作家路易莎·梅·奥尔科特的杰作,是“一本写给女孩的作品”。这本书来自现实生活中,集南北战争为背景,并以国内日记的形式对三月四姐妹的成长经历进行描述。作者用简单的现实主义写作手法,再现了在19世纪晚期美国社会的文化价值观,并充分反映了新时代女性的独立精神。三月四姐妹不能忍受呆在家里和他们的贫穷生活,他们出去工作,挣钱养家,为了减轻父母的压力,追求经济独立,实现他们的自我价值。女主人公展示出他们的艺术才能,梅格出去工作挣钱,减轻家庭负担;乔违背传统婚姻,他们独立运营自己的报纸俱乐部;丈夫参加家庭的事情,这些都是新女性和女权主义的意识形态。
itude and learn to be independent.
Many scholars have long studied feminism in Little Women. In the beginning, Jo is often regarded as the one who possesses the most feminism spirit as she doesn’t behave like a gentlewoman – she burns her dress while warming herself at the fire, spills things on her only gloves, and barely tolerates her cranky old Aunt March. At a time when women’s lives are restricted to hearth and home, Jo represents the possibility of another kind of life and pursues for a writing career (Cheney, 1889: 45). At the same time, Amy is regarded as a great feminist. To realize her dream, she spends much time trying out different medium for her art; she shows the limits and receives discouragements and even the mock of her sisters. She never doubts about her talent and adheres to the pursuit in spite of the obstacles.
Nowadays, the March sisters are all believed to be feminist as they all have artistic talent, they can read and write and each has her own interest. They gather together to have a secret society, call themselves the Pickwick Club to act a play and give each a boy’s name, they hope to have the same right with men (Sun Wen, 2007:45). However, recently, more scholars are paying attention to the reasons why the March sisters are feminist reformers. They are poor, but they can find their own happiness. Their parents are their role models, leading them to live a happy and merry life. And they are able to pass their joy to friends and even strangers (Chen Juan, 2008:176). This theory means feminism is not only a single performance, but a group behaviour under the family atmosphere.
Moreover, the mutual influence among the sisters who grow up together is also a very important factor on the girls’ feminism. Though they sometimes quarrel, they think for each other and gradually change their own temperament. But to our disappointment, very few scholars engage in the study of mutual influences among the sister. Thus, this research carries out a systematic study on the feminism in Little Women and analyses the influential factors. As for this paper, it is divided into five parts. Parts one introduces the significance and the previous situation of the research. Part two is a relevant study of interrelated ideologies and historical background. Part three analyses the feminism spirit on the heroines, takes Jo and Amy as typifications. Part four focuses on the reason why the sisters own feminism spirit, both parents’ impacts and sisters’ mutual influences. Part five is the conclusion. This analysis can be used as a tool to help readers know theMarches’ education and family atmosphere better, which will surely promote people’s understanding of this novel and its importance in
history of literature.
2 The Initiation of Feminism
Little Women is a multifaceted novel with Alcott’s subversion of the story’s traditional doctrine and on the other hand her compromise with her culture’s norms. It preaches domestic containment while it explores the infinity of inward female space and suggests an unending rage against the cultural limitations imposed on female development. Women in the March family bear conventional feminine features preserved by the 19th century True Woman ideology, but meanwhile carry distinctive New Woman’s spirits of that time.
2.1 True Women Ideology
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