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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2014-10-11编辑:felicia点击率:20871
论文字数:10423论文编号:org201409151404489656语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:资源resources地球环境social responsibilitywelfare公众的福利
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From the seven sectors, 68 companies are randomly selected from 135 public listed companies from the main board of Bursa Malaysia. From the seven sectors, the samples are chosen randomly 50% from each sector in the main board of Bursa Malaysia. Choosing randomly 50% sample from each sector is because it can represent the whole sector, 50% of the sample can represent the other 50% that are not chosen. Only Hotel sector will take 100% sample because the sector only has 3 companies. Table 1 shows the number of companies selected from the main board of Bursa Malaysia. From table 1, the construction sector can select 10 samples and the 10 samples will select randomly from total companies of the sector. For example, the sample will select every 2nd (21/10) companies from the list of companies in the construction sector until select finish the 10 companies.
Table 1 Number of companies selected from each sectors from the main board.
3.1 Hypotheses
After analyze the sample, the sample will conclude with hypotheses to see whether relationship between the corporate social responsibility disclosure and the company’s characteristic is positive or negative. Below are some of the hypotheses:
(i) Size
Larger firms are more visible in the public eyes and more politically sensitive (Watts and Zimmerman, 1978). From this argument, to manage or reduce the political costs, the large companies may disclose corporate social responsibility activities in the annual reports as part of a strategy. Larger companies tend to receive more attention from the public and are under greater public pressure to exhibit social responsibility (Cowen et al., 1987). It has also been suggested that CSR is aimed at protecting or enhancing a company’s image or reputation (Hooghiemstra, 2000).
Image-building and public interest concerns might influence the decision to spend on socially responsible activities and to disclose those activities (Belkaoui and Karpik, 1989). Large companies in this research are meant the public listed companies in Bursa Malaysia. All the samples that select are large companies and analyze to see whether large companies are greatly involve in corporate social responsibility disclosure or not.
H0: The extent of corporate social responsibility disclosure in annual reports is positively associated with company size.
H1: The extent of corporate social responsibility disclosure in annual reports is negatively associated with company size.
(ii) Profitability
Those firms which are more socially responsive can be expected to be more profitable beca本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。