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To conclude, one can say that the poor are realistic rather than fatalistic, flexible rather than rigid because they develop cultural resources to lessen for their lack of economic resources and political power. For them the culture of poverty is positive, it keeps their heads out of water.

Silver's Paradigm of social exclusion
Social exclusion can be viewed in different ways as it depends on the type of society where it is applied. According to Silver, it can be described in 3 paradigms representing theories of societies. These paradigms can be summarized as such:

The solidarity paradigm, which sees exclusion as a rupture in social bonds between the individuals and society. Integration is based on organic solidarity; social order is constructed around common values and norms that are administered through mediating institutions and policies of integration. As such, exclusion is inherent in the solidarity of nation, race, ethnicity, locality and other cultural or primordial ties that delimit group boundaries.

The specialization paradigm views social exclusion as the result of individual's behaviors and exchanges. Social order is formed through networks of voluntary exchanges between autonomous individuals with their own interests and motivations. Exclusion is caused by individual preference or due to structures created by cooperation and competing individuals, markets associations, among others. When group boundaries impede individual freedom to participate in social exchanges, exclusion takes the form of 'discrimination'.

The monopoly paradigm reflects societies with hierarchical structures that enforce restrictions to access to goods and services for non-members of the dominant group. Exclusion results from 'social closure' when institutions monopolize scarce resources, create boundaries and perpetrate inequality.

Social Exclusion and social life
It is useful to begin with the recognition that the idea of social exclusion has conceptual connections with well-established notions in the literature on poverty and deprivation, and has antecedents that are far older than specific history of the terminology might suggest. (Amartya Sen, 2000:3)

Amartya Sen considers that social exclusion involves no participation in the community life. The lifestyle of the poor differs in certain respects to that of other members of society. It frequently leads to diverse failures thus limiting living opportunities. For example being excluded from the opportunity to be employed or to receive credit may lead to economic impoverishment that may, in turn, lead to other deprivations such as undernourishment and homelessness. (Amartya Sen, 2000:5)

Several theories have been formulated to support ideas regarding negative effect of homogeneous poor residential environments on individuals' opportunities. The most well known theories highlight possible negative effects through the socialization processes that are regarded as negative. A special concentration of unemployed people will provide negative role models to youngsters, and this would reduce their skills and subsequently reduce their labour market opportunities. (Andersson, 2005). Various social theories seem to support this idea although there are also criticisms.

Concentration of social housing tenants are usually perceived as having significant associati