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3.  Idea of “Men are superior to women”
In the Chinese feudal ethics, taking "the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues" as the core, the idea of “men are superior to women” and “value man, despise woman” is very serious, and deep -rooted. Because of the low social status, women seldom appear in social activities, and in the daily contacts, relatives, friends or neighborhood call the married women by “their husband’s first name + relative appellation (which shows one’s respect)”. But on surname, as stated, women of China keep one's own independent surname no matter before marriage or after marriage.
There is the same cultural mentality in western countries. Women are on the subordinate side. According to traditionalcustoms, married women would use their husband’ surnames. For example, if Marie White married John Brown, the woman would be called Marie Brown.
However, with the deep development of the women's liberation movement, western feminists still use one's own surname after marriage, or adopt compound surname like Mary Brown -Williams, John Brown -Williams. And children given birth to can use father’s surname or mother’s.
In China, as the family planning policy has been carried out, one-child families appear in a large amount. Many parents while giving a name to a child , adopt compound surname " father’s surname + mother’s surnamed ", just the father’s surname, or just the mother’s surname, which reflects the demand of equality and the idea of “value the surname, despise the first name”.

4.  Parents’ expectation towards children and gender consciousness
Names invariably connote a long list of ideas and expectations; some even carry the parents’ memory of, and metaphor for, life. A name not only conveys a basic attitude and character, but can also be a value statement for one to succeed in life. But there is still a difference. Chinese names, emphasizing the commonness, usually contain great aspiration of the world, like “ 国强 ” (hope the country will be strong), yet from English names which are influenced by the Christianity and individualism, we can experience the tremendous influence that God produces to them and people’s respect towards the heroic figure, such as John (God is beneficent), Alexander (the conqueror),etc.
And gender consciousness is also the common cultural mentality of both the Chinese and English names. We can tell a woman’s name easily from a man’s for they contain gender characteristic.
Man’s first name always reflects man’s mighty, vigor and ability, while women’s first name contains beauty, gentle, virtuous, elegant or noble feelings.
In Chinese, “志 ”(ambition )“宏 ”(grand),“武 ”(valiant), “强 ”(mighty), “ 胜 ” (victory), “ 昌 ” (flourishing),etc. are all men’s common first names; “ 秀 ”(beauty), “ 玉 ”(pure), “ 娟 ”(graceful), “ 淑 ” (kind and gentle), “ 丽 ” (pretty),etc., are always used in women’s names.
In English culture, Alexander (aids and defends all mankind; conqueror), Andrew (doughty), Frank (freedom), George (planter), Harold (knight), etc. all represent the male’s characteristics and are always used in male’s names; Alice (beauty), Anne (graceful), Catherine (pure), Joan (tender), Jane ( God of love),etc. all reflect women’s characteristics and are common in female’s names.

5. Conclusion
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