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Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study 
Prose has always been one valuable literary genre along with poetry, novel and drama.  However,  in  the  field  of  literary  translation,  compared  with  other  literary genres,  much  attention  has  been  paid  to  the  studies  on  poetry  translation  and  novel translation, the study of prose translation seems to be left far behind.  Modern  Chinese  prose  was  born  in  the  literary  revolution  in  1917,  especially after  the  May  4th  Movement,  during  that  period  it  developed  rapidly.  It  is characterized by flexible in writing form but united in spirit. Modern Chinese prose is a kind of medium texts for communication, and it is one of the spiritual achievements that  attract  both  native  people  and  foreign  readers.  Thus  the  translation  should  be excellent  enough  to  introduce  the  beauty  of  modern  Chinese  prose  to  the  target language readers. In fact, whether a translated text is successful or not mostly depends on  the  target  language  readers’  response,  which  is  totally  true  to  translated  prose.  If the  foreign  readers  couldn’t  fully  appreciate  or  accept  the  translated  prose,  the translation work is a failure.  The  center  of  literary  translation  researches  has  been  focused  on  the author-translator and source-target texts for a long time. It regarded the source-target texts  simultaneous  fidelity  as  the  highest  criterion,  while  treating  the  readers  as passive receptors. Nowadays, compared with traditional translation researches, more and more scholars and researchers advocate readers’ positive role in the translation.  Nida is the first one to authentically put the readers’ response into the translation criterion.  Nida’s  readers’  response  theory  argues  that  the  target  language  readers should not be neglected, but even should be paid attention in the process of translation. Many  scholars  have  applied  this  theory  to  different  literary  translation,  but  few  of them  study  on  prose  translation  from  the  perspective  of  the  readers’  response. Therefore, readers’ response theory is taken as the theoretic framework in this thesis. This  thesis  aims  at  studying  the  modern  Chinese  prose  translation  through  a comparative analysis of three English versions of The Peanut which are translated by Liu  Shicong,  ZhangPeiji  and  Yang  Xianyi  &  Gladys  Yang  respectively  from  the lexical level, syntactic level and textual level. 
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